PENGARUH PERLAKUAN ASAM KLORIDA DAN/ATAU NATRIUM HIDROKSIDA TERHADAP KARAKTER ZEOLIT HY DAN UJI AKTIVITASNYA DALAM HIDRORENGKAH Alfa-SELULOSA TERPIROLISIS

JASON MANDELA, Prof. Dra. Wega Trisunaryanti, M.S., Ph.D.Eng.; Prof. Dr. Triyono, S.U.

2018 | Skripsi | S1 KIMIA

Telah dipelajari pengaruh perlakuan HCl dan/atau NaOH terhadap karakter zeolit Y terprotonasi (HY). Zeolit HY direndam dengan HCl 0,1 dan 0,5 M pada temperatur 70 �°C selama 3 jam sehingga dihasilkan zeolit DY0,1 dan DY0,5. Zeolit HY, DY0,1 dan DY0,5 direndam dalam larutan NaOH 0,1 M selama 15 menit pada temperatur ruang (29 �°C), selanjutnya direndam dalam NH4Cl 1 M pada temperatur 70 �°C selama 2 jam sehingga diperoleh zeolit AHY, ADY0,1 dan ADY0,5. Zeolit HY, AHY, DY0,1, ADY0,1, DY0,5 dan ADY0,5 dikarakterisasi keasamannya menggunakan adsorpsi uap NH3 secara gravimetri, kristalinitasnya dengan difraksi sinar X (XRD), rasio Si/Al-nya dengan Indutively Coupled Plasma (ICP). Zeolit AHY, ADY0,1 dan ADY0,5 dianalisis karakter porinya dengan Surface Area Analyzer (SAA). Aktivitas katalitik zeolit HY, AHY, ADY0,1 dan ADY0,5 diuji dalam proses hidrorengkah �±-selulosa terpirolisis dengan reaktor stainless steel dengan laju alir gas H2 sebesar 20 mL menit-1 pada temperatur 450 �°C selama 2 jam serta rasio berat katalis:umpan sebesar 1:30. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kenaikan rasio Si/Al dari zeolit HY seiring dengan penurunan kristalinitas setelah diberi perlakuan HCl dan/atau NaOH. Keasaman zeolit HY mengalami penurunan seiring dengan kenaikan rasio Si/Al, kecuali zeolit AHY. Struktur mesopori zeolit HY terbentuk setelah diberi perlakuan NaOH. Diameter pori rata-rata zeolit AHY, ADY0,1 dan ADY0,5 berturut-turut adalah 2,6246; 3,6192 dan 5,9716 nm. Zeolit ADY0,1 menunjukkan aktivitas katalitik tertinggi dalam menghasilkan produk cair sebesar 74,10% (b/b). Zeolit ADY0,5 menunjukkan selektivitas katalitik terbaik karena menghasilkan 1-isopropil-2,4-dimetilbenzena yang termasuk fraksi bensin sebanyak 4,17% (b/b) dari proses hidrorengkah �±-selulosa terpirolisis.

Effect of HCl and/or NaOH treatment towards protonated Y-zeolite (HY) has been evaluated. The HY zeolite was immersed in 0.1 and 0.5 M HCl at 70 �°C for three hours resulting DY0,1 and DY0,5 zeolites. The HY, DY0,1 and DY0,5 zeolites were immersed in 0.1 M NaOH for 15 minutes at room temperature (29 �°C), then immersed in 1 M NH4Cl at 70 �°C for two hours resulting AHY, ADY0,1 and ADY0,5 zeolites. The HY, AHY, DY0,1, ADY�¬0,1, DY0,5 and ADY0,5 zeolites were characterized by means of acidity using ammonia vapour adsorption (gravimetric method), crystallinity using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Si/Al ratio using Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP). The AHY, ADY0,1 and ADY0,5 zeolites were analyzed their pore characters by Surface Area Analyzer (SAA). Catalytic activity of HY, AHY, ADY0,1 and ADY0,5 zeolites was evaluated in hydrocracking of pyrolyzed �±-cellulose using stainless steel reactor with H2 gas flow rate of 20 mL min-1 at 450 �°C for two hours with catalyst:feed weight ratio of 1:30. The results showed that the HCl and/or NaOH treatment towards the HY-zeolite increased Si/Al ratio and decreased crystallinity. The acidity of HY-zeolites decreased along with the increase of Si/Al ratio, except for the AHY zeolites. The HY-zeolit mesopore structure was generated after the NaOH treatment. The average pore diameter of AHY, ADY0,1 dan ADY0,5 zeolites were 2.6246, 3.6192 and 5.9716 nm. The ADY0,1 zeolite showed the highest catalytic activity in generating liquid product (74.10 wt.%). The ADY0,5 zeolite showed the best catalytic selectivity because ADY0,5 produced 1-isopropyl-2,4-dimethylbenzene (4.17 wt.%) which is the fraction of gasoline from pyrolyzed �±-cellulose hydrocracking process.

Kata Kunci : Hidrorengkah �±lfa-selulosa, perlakuan HCl, perlakuan NaOH, struktur mesopori, zeolit HY