The Succes of the Indonesian Government in Increasing Inward Foreign Direct Investment from 2010 to 2015

FAISAL AMMAR, Dr. Nanang Pamuji Mugasejati

2018 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL

Penanaman modal asing menjadi alternatif yang menarik sebagai sumber arus modal masuk bagi negara-negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Dari 2010 hingga 2015 ada lonjakan penanaman modal asing langsung masuk ke Indonesia. Penanaman modal asing yang didapat Indonesia pada tahun 2005 adalah US $ 8.916 juta dengan sekitar 908 proyek yang sedang berjalan. Sementara sebaliknya, pada tahun 2015 jumlah investasi asing yang didapat Indonesia adalah US $ 29.275 juta dengan 17.738 proyek yang sedang berjalan. Dengan demikian, ada sesuatu yang terjadi selama periode waktu yang mempengaruhi perbedaan signifikan dari penanaman modal asing yang diterima. Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah bahwa melalui kacamata kebijakan industri, ada faktor-faktor signifikan yang berperan. Hal-hal itu adalah faktor kepemimpinan politik Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono di tingkat atas dan peran MP3EI sebagai katalisator bagi daya tarik penanaman modal asing. Dengan melihat kepribadian dan gaya kepemimpinan SBY, dan kebijakan serta manuver politik yang dimainkan oleh SBY dalam politik domestik, penulis menemukan bahwa SBY sebagai presiden Indonesia pertama yang dapat mempertahankan stabilitas politik domestik melalui stabilisasi demokrasi. Stabilitas demokratis ini memastikan dan memotivasi perusahaan multinasional asing untuk membawa modal mereka ke Indonesia. Selain itu, MP3EI juga memainkan peran penting sebagai tempat untuk koordinasi dan musyawarah serta forum pertukaran informasi dalam meminimalkan eksternalitas informasi melalui aspek yang dimainkannya dalam proses pengarahan dan pengambilan keputusan yang melibatkan banyak aktor, seperti pemerintah nasional, sektor bisnis, pakar, akademisi, dan pemerintah daerah. Total kata: 18,281 kata Kata kunci: Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY), political leadership, democratic stability, industrial policy, bureaucracy reformation, MP3EI.

Foreign direct investment became an attractive alternative as a source of capital inflows for the developing countries, including Indonesia. From 2010 to 2015 there is spike on the inward foreign direct investment into Indonesia. The foreign direct investment Indonesia got in 2005 is US$ 8,916 million with approximately 908 running projects. While in contrast, in 2015 the amount of foreign investment Indonesia got is US$ 29,275 million with 17,738 running projects. Thus, there is something happened during that period of time that affecting in that significant difference of foreign direct investment received. The proposed hypothesis is that through the looking glass of industrial policy, there are significant factors in play. They are the factors of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono’s political leadership at the top and the role of MP3EI as the catalysator of that foreign direct investment attraction. By looking into the personality and leadership style of SBY, and the policies as well as the political maneuver played by SBY in the domestic politics, the author found that SBY as the unprecedented Indonesian president that could maintain domestic political stability through his democratic stability. This democratic stability ensured and motivated the foreign multinationals to bring their direct capitals into Indonesia. Besides, MP3EI also played significant role as the coordination and deliberation council as well as the forum for information exchange in minimizing the information externalities through the aspect it played in the guidance and decision -making process that involved a lot of actors, such as the national government, business sectors, experts, academics, and local governments. Total words: 18,281 words Key words: Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY), political leadership, democratic stability, industrial policy, bureaucracy reformation, MP3EI.

Kata Kunci : Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY), political leadership, democratic stability, industrial policy, bureaucracy reformation, MP3EI