MODEL KERENTANAN SAWAH TERHADAP PERUBAHAN IKLIM DI DAS OPAK-WINONGO DAN DAS BEDOG-PROGO HILIR

RIESKY ARUM W., Dr. M. Pramono Hadi, M. Sc ; Dr. Rika Harini, M. P.

2018 | Tesis | S2 Geografi

Perubahan pola curah hujan menyebabkan perubahan iklim. dampak perubahan iklim berupa mundurnya awal musim hujan dan makin panjangnya periode musim kemarau. Pergeseran pola hujan sangat mempengaruhi sumberdaya dan infrastruktur pertanian, bergesernya waktu taman, musim dan pola tanam, serta degradasi lahan. Lahan pertanian akan menjadi rentan terhadap perubahan iklim terutama lahan tanaman pangan berupa padi dan palawija. Kerentanan lahan tanaman padi dan palawija bersifat dinamis sesuai dengan kondisi fisik dan sosial. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui persebaran spasial tingkat kerentanan lahan sawah. dan pengaruh perubahan iklim terhadap kerentanan lahan sawah di DAS Opak-Winongo dan DAS Bedog-Progo Hilir. Metode yang digunakan berupa penilai kerentanan berdasarkan Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) tahun 2001. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan menguraikan variabel-variabel yang mempengaruhi tingkat kerentanan. Tingkat kerentanan sangat rendah 10,23%, tingkat kerentanan rendah 32,95%, tingkat kerentanan sedang 31,82%, tingkat kerentanan tinggi 13,64% dan tingkat kerentanan sangat tinggi 11,36%. Tingkat kerentanan sedang dan rendah memiliki persentase paling besar jumlahnya lebih dari 57%. Tingkat kerentanan sangat rendah tersebar di Kecamatan Prambanan, Kecamatan Srandakan, Kecamatan Gamping dan sebagian Kecamatan Bambanglipuro. Kerentanan rendah berada di Kecamatan Sanden, KecamatanPrambanan, Kecamatan Piyungan, KecamatanSedayu, Kecamatan Kasihan, Kecamatan Sewon, Kecamatan Bantul dan Kecamatan Jetis. Kerentanan sedang tersebar di hampir seluruh Kabupaten Bantul dan Kabupaten Sleman. Kerentanan tinggi dan sangat tinggi mencakup Kecamatan Cangkringan, Kecamatan Sleman, Kecamatan Ngaglik, Kecamatan Seyegan, Kecamatan Prambanan, Kecamatan Banguntapan, KecamatanImogiri, Kecamatan Pundong dan Kecamatan Kretek.

One of the cause of climate change is a rainfall pattern, which has impacts in delayed rainy season and longer period of drought. That condition affect another aspect such as agricultural resource and infrastructures, changes in planting and cropping period, and land degradation. Lots of agricultural commodities will be affected, especially rice field and crops. Both of them have dynamic vulnerability in accordance with physical and social condition in the area.The purposes of this research are:1) to know the spatial distribution of rice field and vulnerability; 2) to understand the influence of climate change in rice field vulnerability. The location of the research is in the Opak- Winongo Watershed and Bedog- Progo Hilir Watershed. The method used was based on the vulnerability assessment of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 2001. Analysis used descriptive and explainatory variabels of vulnerability. The result shows that there are 5 level of vulnerability in the research area. Very low vulnerability level (10,23%) spread in Prambanan district, Srandakan district, Gamping district and parts of Bambanglipuro district. Low vulnerability (32,95%) area are in Sanden district, Prambanan district, Piyungan district, Sedayu district, Kasihan district, , Sewon district, Bantul district and Jetis district. The intermediate vulnerability (31,82%) can be found in almost of the whole area of Bantul Regency and the Sleman Regency. High (13,64%) and very high (11,36%) vulnerability include Cangkringan district, Sleman district, Ngaglik district, Seyegan district, Prambanan district, Imogiri district, Banguntapan district, Pundong district and Kretek district. The intermediate and low level of vulnerability have the greatest percentages totaling more than 57%.

Kata Kunci : Kerentanan, Model, Zona Agroklimat, Perubahan Iklim, Daerah Aliran Sungai/Vulnerability, Model, Agroclimat Zone, Climate Change, Watershed