HUBUNGAN RELIGIUSITAS PERDAMAIAN MENNONITE DAN PEMAAFAN TERHADAP PERILAKU NIR KEKERASAN PADA JEMAAT GKMI YOGYAKARTA

Janti Diredja, Prof. Dr. Koentjoro, MBSc., Ph.D, Psikolog

2018 | Tesis | S2 Psikologi

Ada dua cara yang biasanya dilakukan ketika seseorang atau sekelompok orang mengalami kekerasan yaitu diam saja atau membalas dengan kekerasan. Diam saja akan melahirkan penindasan dan kesewenangan, membalas dengan kekerasan akan menjadi lingkaran kekerasan yang semakin kejam dan semakin banyak korbannya. Kaum Mennonite melakukan cara ketiga yaitu dengan cara nir kekerasan. Mereka berpegang teguh pada pemaafan dan rekonsiliasi. Pantang melawan dan pantang kekerasan menjadi nilai kebajikan utama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan religiusitas perdamaian Mennonite dan pemaafan terhadap perilaku nir kekerasan pada jemaat GKMI Yogyakarta. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah metode kuantitatif. Subyek penelitian adalah jemaat GKMI Yogyakarta. Data kuantitatif diperoleh dari pengisian skala pemaafan, skala religiusitas perdamaian Mennonite, dan skala perilaku nir kekerasan oleh 102 subyek. Skala pemaafan diadaptasi dari TRIM-18 (The Transgression-Related Interpersonal Motivation Inventory-18 item Version) Mc Cullough, Root & Cohen , Skala religiusitas perdamaian Mennonite diadaptasi dari skala religiusitas Glock dan Stark ditambah dimensi spiritual history dan religious support dari skala religiusitas Fetzer. Skala perilaku nir kekerasan diadaptasi dari skala TNT Mayton Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa religiusitas perdamaian Mennonite dan pemaafan berperan positif terhadap perilaku nir kekerasan jemaat GKMI Yogyakarta sebesar 50,1%. Dengan demikian, semakin tinggi religiusitas perdamaian Mennonite dan pemaafan maka semakin tinggi perilaku nir kekerasan. Secara parsial pemaafan memberi kontibusi positif sebesar 40,9% dan religiusitas perdamaian Mennonite memberi kontribusi positif sebesar 70,6% terhadap perilaku nir kekerasan. Subjek penelitian memiliki perilaku nir kekerasan sedang 37 orang (36,3%) dan 65 orang (63,7%) memiliki perilaku nir kekerasan tinggi. Tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara gender, usia, tingkat pendidikan, lamanya dibaptis dengan perilaku nir kekerasan jemaat GKMI Yogyakarta.

There are two ways that a person or a group of persons usually do respond when they experience violence, namely, to stay quiet or to take violent revenge. Staying quiet results in oppression and animosity, whereas taking violent revenge will create a vicious cycle of violence that tends to be more and more brutal. The Mennonites choose to have a third option by way of nonviolence. They believe in forgiveness and reconciliation. Nonresistance and nonviolence become their main virtues. This research aims at exploring the correlation between Mennonite peace religiosity and forgiveness leading to nonviolent behavior of the members of GKMI Yogyakarta congregation. The method in this research is quantitative. The subjects of the research are members of GKMI Yogyakarta congregation. The quantitative data was collected from 102 subjects who filled in the Mennonite peace religiosity scale, the forgiveness scale, and the nonviolent behavior scale. The Mennonite peace religiosity scale is adapted from a combination of the religiosity scale by Glock dan Stark and the religiosity scale by Fetzer. The forgiveness scale is adapted from TRIM-18 (The Transgression-Related Interpersonal Motivation Inventory-18 item Version) by Mc Cullough, Root & Cohen. The nonviolent behavior scale is adapted from TNT (The Teenage Nonviolence Test) by Mayton. The findings of the research show that Mennonite peace religiosity and forgiveness correlate positively to nonviolent behavior by the members of GKMI Yogyakarta congregation by 50,1%. Hence, the higher Mennonite peace religiosity and forgiveness degrees are, the higher the degree of nonviolent behavior, as well. Partially the forgiveness contributes positively by 40,9% and the Mennonite peace religiosity contributes positively by 70,6% to nonviolent behavior of the members of GKMI Yogyakarta congregation. The subjects who have middle-level nonviolent behavior are 37 persons (36.3%), and those who have high-level nonviolent behavior are 65 persons (63.7%). There were no significant differences between gender, ages, education levels, or time since baptism in relation to the level of nonviolent behavior of the members of GKMI Yogyakarta congregation

Kata Kunci : religiusitas perdamaian Mennonite, pemaafan, nir kekerasan