Perbandingan Fungsi Keluarga Dan Kesehatan Mental Emosional Remaja Di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri, Pondok Pesanten Modern Dan Tradisional di Purworejo

BETTY NUNING W, dr. Mora Claramita, MHPE, Ph.D

2018 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kedokteran Klinik

Latar Belakang : Gangguan mental emosional dapat dialami oleh semua remaja baik di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri (SMP N) maupun di pondok pesantren. Di SMP N, siswa hidup bersama orang tua dan keluarganya di rumah, sedangkan di pondok pesantren, santri harus hidup mandiri, jauh dari orang tua, beradaptasi dengan lingkungan pondok yang berbeda dengan lingkungan rumahnya dan peraturan yang harus dipatuhi. Tujan penelitian untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan fungsi keluarga serta gangguan mental emosional remaja di SMP N, pondok pesantren modern dan tradisional. Subyek penelitian: 433 remaja berusia 12-16 tahun, terbagi 191 siswa SMP N, 136 santri pondok pesantren modern dan 106 santri pondok pesantren tradisional. Penelitian dengan rancangan desain deskriptif analitik dengan metode pendekatan komparasi multivariat. Instrumen penelitian: kuesioner APGAR keluarga dan SDQ (Strengh And Difficulty Questionare). Skor total kesulitan adalah gabungan skor hiperaktifitas, skor emosional, skor teman sebaya dan skor perilaku. Skor kekuatan adalah skor prososial. Hasil penelitian: Fungsi keluarga remaja di SMP N, pondok pesantren modern dan tradisional menunjukkan skor APGAR keluarga baik, p: 0,265 (p> 0,05). Skor SDQ remaja di SMP N adalah tidak normal pada klasifikasi skor total kesulitan, klasifikasi skor hiperaktifitas dan borderline pada skor teman sebaya. Skor SDQ remaja di ponpes modern menunjukkan hasil tidak normal pada skor total kesulitan dan skor hiperaktifitas, serta borderline pada skor teman sebaya. Skor SDQ remaja santri di ponpes tradisional tidak normal pada skor total kesulitan dan borderline pada skor teman sebaya. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan fungsi keluarga remaja di SMP N, pondok pesantren modern dan tradisional, namun terdapat perbedaan gangguan mental emosional remaja di SMP N, pondok pesantren modern dan tradisional. Hal ini membutuhkan upaya promotif dan preventif pendekatan keluarga secara holistik antara remaja, orang tua, guru, dan dokter keluarganya.

Background: Emotional mental disorder can be experienced by all adolescent in both State Junior High School or in boarding school. In Junior High School, students live with their parents and relatives at home, while in boarding schools, students must live independently, away from their parents, adapting to different boarding school environments with their home environment and regulations to obey. Objective: to find out whether there are differences in family functions as well as emotional mental disorders of adolescents in state junior high school, modern and traditional boarding schools. ubjects: 433 adolescents aged 12-16 years, divided 191 adolescent in state junior high school, 136 adolescent of modern boarding school and 106 adolescent of traditional boarding school. Research with descriptive analytic design design with multivariate comparative approach method. Instruments: APGAR family questionnaire and SDQ (Strengh And Difficulty Questionare). The total difficulty score is a combination of emotional score, hyperactivity score, behavior score and peer score. Power score is a prosocial score. Results: Function of adolescent family in state junior high school, modern and traditional boarding school showed highly functional family APGAR score, p: 0,265 (p> 0,05). The adolescent SDQ score in state junior high school is abnormal in the total score of difficulty and the hyperactivity score classification but borderline on peer score. The adolescent SDQ score in modern boarding school showed abnormal results in total score of difficulty and hyperactivity score, as well as borderline on peer score. SDQ scores of adolescent in traditional boarding school are abnormal on the total score of difficulty and borderline on peer score. Conclusions: There is no difference of adolescent family function in state junior high school, modern and traditional boarding school, but there is difference of adolescents emotional mental disorder in state junior high school, modern and traditional boarding school. This requires the promotion and preventive efforts of a holistic family approach between adolescents, parents, teachers, and family doctors.

Kata Kunci : family function, emotional mental health of adolescent, modern boarding school, traditional, State Junior High School