LESI KORONER PADA PASIEN INFARK MIOKARDIUM DENGAN ST-ELEVASI DI RSUP DR. SARDJITO YOGYAKARTA

PRIMADORA BAGUS R K, dr. Muhamad Taufik Ismail, Sp.JP;dr. Anggoro Budi Hartopo, M.Sc, Sp.PD, Ph.D, Sp.JP

2017 | Skripsi | S1 PENDIDIKAN DOKTER

Pendahuluan : ST Elevation Myocard Infarction merupakan penyakit jantung koroner yang banyak menimbulkan kematian. Kondisi ini terjadi karena adanya ruptur aterosklerosis kemudian terbentuk trombus yang akan menyebabkan penurunan perfusi jaringan miokardium. Lesi koroner pada pasien STEMI dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor. Percutaneous Coronary Angiography adalah tindakan untuk mengetahui lokasi sumbatan dan pemasangan ring jantung untuk reperfusi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui lesi koroner pada pasien STMI di RSUP Dr. Sardjito. Metode penelitian : Desain penelitian ini adalah deskiptif retrospektif yang mengambil data klinis dan laboratoris dari Registri Jantung yang ada di Bagian Kardiologi dan Kedokteran Vaskuler RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta pada periode 1 Januari 2016 sampai dengan 30 Juni 2017. Penelitian ini dilakukan mulai dari bulan September-Desember 2017 di Departemen / Kelompok Satuan Medik Kardiologi dan Kedokteran Vaskular Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada / RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta. Populasi terjangkau penelitian adalah pasien STEMI yang telah dilakukan percutaneous coronary angiography di RSUP Dr. Sardjito dengan jumlah sampe 77 subyek. Data hasil penelitian berupa data numerik disajikan dalam angka rerata dan simpang baku sedangkan data kategorik disajikan dalam frekuensi dan persentase. Hasil penelitian : Pasien yang terdiagnosis STEMI sebanyak 157 pasien dengan 98 pasien (62,42%) dilakukan tindakan percutaneous coronary angiography, namun dari hasil penelusuran catatan medik didapatkan 77 pasien dengan data yang lengkap dan dapat dilakukan analisis. Didapatkan 77 subyek STEMI yang dilakukan percutaneus coronary angiography dengan hasil oklusi total 33 subyek (42,86%); oklusi parsial 27 subyek (35,06%), oklusi subtotal 16 subyek (20,78%), dan nonsignifikan 1 subyek (1,3%). Tidak didapatkan berbedaan secara deskriptif antara faktor risiko, demografis dan klinis pasien dengan STEMI dengan lesi koroner Simpulan : Didapatkan 77 subyek STEMI yang dilakukan percutaneus coronary angiography dengan hasil oklusi total 33 subyek (42,86%); oklusi parsial 27 subyek (35,06%), oklusi subtotal 16 subyek (20,78%), dan nonsignifikan 1 subyek (1,3%).

Background : ST Elevation Myocard Infarction is a coronary heart disease with high mortality rate. This condition occurs because of atherosclerosis rupture which then forming a thrombus that can cause a decrease in myocardial tissue perfusion. Coronary lesions in STEMI patients can be affected by various factors. Primary Percutaneous Coronary Angiography is a medical procedure taken to determine the location of blockage and for the purpose of reperfusion through heart stent installation. This reserach aims to determine the coronary lesions on patients with STMI in RSUP Dr. Sardjito. Research methods : The design of this reserach was a retrospective descriptive study with clinical and laboratory data are being taken from the Cardiac Registry in the Cardiology and Vascular Medicine Section of RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta in the period of 1 January 2016 until 30 June 2017. This research was conducted from September to December 2017 in the Department / Group Medical Unit of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada/ RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta. The reasonably affordable population of the study was STEMI patients who had performed Primary Percutaneous Coronary Angiography at RSUP Dr. Sardjito with a total of 77 subjects. The research results in the form of numerical data are presented in mean number and standard intersection while categorical data are presented in frequency and percentage. Research results : Patients diagnosed with STEMI as many as 157 patients, with 98 of them (62.42%) had receieved the Primary Percutaneous Coronary Angiography procedure. Nevertheless, based on medical records data that can be obtained, only 77 patients equipped with complete data that can be analyzed. 77 patients had received Primary Percutaneus Coronary Angiography procedure with a result of total occlusion in 33 subjects (42.86%); subtotal occlusion in 16 subjects (20,78%), partial occlusion in 27 subjects (35,06%) and nonsignificant in 1 subject (1,3%). There was no descriptive difference between risk, demographic and clinical factors of STEMI patients with coronary lesions Conclusion : There are 77 STEMI subjects who had undergone Primary Percutaneus Coronary Angiography with a result of total occlusion in 33 subjects (42.86%); subtotal occlusion in 16 subjects (20.78%), partial occlusion in 27 subjects (35.06%) and nonsignificant in 1 subject (1.3%).

Kata Kunci : Lesi koroner, ST elevasi myocard infarction