FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERILAKU PERAWAT GIGI DALAM UPAYA PENCEGAHAN INFEKSI SILANG DI POLI GIGI PUSKESMAS WILAYAH PULAU TIMOR BARAT

ANTONIUS RADJA RATU, Dr. drg. Sri Widiati,MPH; Prof.drg. Niken W. Sriyono,MDS

2017 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kedokteran Gigi

Latar belakang : Tenaga kesehatan mempunyai peran yang besar dalam upaya pencegahan infeksi silang. Perawat gigi merupakan bagian dari tenaga kesehatan yang turut berperan dalam melaksanakan upaya pencegahan infeksi silang pada tempat pelayanan kesehatan gigi. Mengabaikan tindakan dan prosedur pencegahan infeksi silang dalam pelayanan kesehatan dapat mengakibatkan orang lain, termasuk keluarga memiliki risiko tertular penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifaksi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku perawat gigi dalam upaya pencegahan infeksi silang di poli gigi puskemas wilayah Pulau Timor Barat. Metode penelitian : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survey dengan rancangan Cross Sectional. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan Proportional random sampling. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 115 perawat gigi, yang bekerja di poli gigi puskesmas wilayah Pulau Timor Barat. Variabel bebas yaitu pengetahuan, sikap, tingkat pendidikan, masa kerja, sarana dan dukungan organisasi dan variabel terikat yaitu perilaku perawat gigi dalam upaya pencegahan infeksi silang di poli gigi puskesmas wilayah Pulau Timor Barat. Alat ukur variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini menggunakan daftar isian, daftar tilik, kuesioner dan variabel terikat menggunakan daftar tilik. Data dianalisis menggunakan regresi berganda dengan dummy variabel dan tingkat signifikansi alfa < 0,05. Hasil : Hasil regresi berganda dengan dummy varibel, menunjukkan bahwa variabel sikap dan masa kerja tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan (p > 0,05) terhadap variabel perilaku perawat gigi dalam upaya pencegahan infeksi silang. Variabel pengetahuan, tingkat pendidikan, ketersediaan sarana dan dukungan organisasi berpengaruh terhadap perilaku perawat gigi dalam upaya pencegahan infeksi silang dengan nilai F= 42,399 dan p= 0,001. Keempat variabel tersebut secara bersama-sama memberikan kontribusi pengaruh terhadap perilaku perawat gigi dalam upaya pencegahan infeksi silang sebesar 62,1%. Dukungan organisasi memberikan pengaruh paling besar terhadap perilaku perawat gigi dalam upaya pencegahan infeksi silang yaitu sebesar 27,7%. Kesimpulan : 1) Semakin baik pengetahuan perawat gigi, tingkat pendidikan perawat gigi, ketersediaan sarana penunjang dan dukungan organisasi semakin baik perilaku perawat gigi dalam upaya pencegahan infeksi silang; 2) Sikap dan masa kerja perawat gigi tidak berpengaruh terhadap perilaku perawat gigi dalam upaya pencegahan infeksi silang; 3) Dukungan organisasi mempunyai kontribusi pengaruh paling besar terhadap perilaku perawat gigi dalam upaya pencegahan infeksi silang.

Background : Health workers have a big role in preventing cross-infection. Dental nurses are part of health personnel who play a role in implementing efforts to prevent cross-infection in dental health services. Ignoring cross-infection prevention procedures and procedures in health care has resulted in other people, including families at greater risk of disease. This study aims to identify the factors that influence the behavior of dental nurses in an effort to prevent cross-infection in dental clinic of West Timor island area. Research method : This study is a survey research used Cross Sectional design. Sampling method using proportional random sampling. The subjects were 115 dental nurses, who worked at the health center dental clinic of West Timor Island area. The independent variables are knowledge, attitude, education level, length of work, facilities and organizational support and dependent variable is dental nurse behavior in prevention of cross-infection at the health center dental clinic of West Timor Island. The independent variable were measured using the list of fields, checklist, questionnaires and dependent variable was measured using checklist. The data were analysed using the multiple regresian analysis at the significant rate alfa < 0,05 Results : The result of multiple regression test with variable dummy showed that attitude and duration of work did not significantly influence (p> 0,05) to the behavior of dental nurse in prevention of cross-infection. The variables of knowledge, level of education, availability of facilities and organizational support significantly correlated to dental nurse behavior in prevention of cross-infection (F = 35,659 and p = 0,00). The contribution of four variables together contribute influence to the behavior of dental nurses in an prevention effort of cross-infection by 62.1%. Organizational support gives the greatest influence to the behavior of dental nurse in an prevention effort of cross-infection (27,9%). Conclusion : 1) The better knowledge of dental nurses, dental nurse education level, the availability of supporting facilities for prevention cross-infection and organizational support, the better behavior of dental nurses in the prevention of cross-infection.; 2) Attitudes and tenure of dental nurses have no effect on the behavior of dental nurses in the effort of cross-infection.; 3) Organizational support has contributed the greatest influence to the behaviour of dental nurses in their effort to prevent cross-infection.

Kata Kunci : perilaku, perawat gigi, infeksi silang, behavior, dental nurse, cross-infection