PLAY BASED LEARNING BAGI ANAK USIA DINI DALAM PERSPEKTIF FILSAFAT PENDIDIKAN WILLIAM HEARD KILPATRICK

PUSPITA SARI DEWI, Dr. Rr. Siti Murtiningsih

2018 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU FILSAFAT

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan Play Based Learning untuk anak usia dini dengan perspektif Filsafat Pendidikan William Heard Kilpatrick. Dilatarbelakangi oleh kondisi dunia pendidikan yang mengutamakan sains dan teknologi, mengesampingkan seni serta kemanusiaan. Serta terlalu berorientasi kepada pertumbuhan ekonomi. Hal tersebut di mulai bahkan di jenjang pendidikan anak usia dini. Play Based Learning hadir sebagai program pendidikan alternatif, lewat kegiatan bermain anak-anak belajar dan mengembangkan potensi sesuai minat dan bakat yang dimiliki tanpa adanya paksaan atau kepentingan orang dewasa. Play Based Learning memberikan kesempatan kepada anak untuk terlibat secara aktif dalam proses belajarnya. Penelitian ini juga berusaha untuk memahami pemikiran filsafat pendidikan William Heard Kilpatrick guna menjadi instrument untuk membedah Konsep Pendidikan dalam Play Based Learning. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepusatakaan dengan menggunakan metode hermeneutik filosofis. Objek material penelitian adalah Play Based Learning beserta persoalan-persoalan di dalamnya. Sementara objek formal penelitian ini adalah pemikiran-pemikiran pokok dari William Heard Kilpatrick yang relevan dengan Play Based Learning. Penelitian ini berjalan dengan empat tahapan yakni inventarisasi dan kategorisasi data, klasifikasi data, analisis dan penyusunan hasil. Hasil analisis penelitian diolah dengan menggunakan beberapa unsur metodis filosofis yaitu, deskriptif, interpretasi, kesinambungan historis, holistik dan refleksi kritis. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahawa William Heard Kilpatrick menghendaki terselenggaranya pendidikan yang berlandaskan prinsip-prinsip kebebasan dan kesetaraan yang dianggapnya mampu membawa manusia menuju kehidupan yang lebih baik. Play Based Learning merupakan sebuah konsep pendidikan yang menempatkan anak sebagai subjek pembelajaran. Play Based Learning dalam praktiknya menghadirkan ruang belajar yang natural dan memungkinkan anak untuk tumbuh dan berkembang sesuai minat dan bakatnya. Filsafat Pendidikan William Heard Kilpatrick tersirat dalam konsep pendidikan yang ditawarkan oleh Play Based Learning. Hubungan anatar guru dan murid serta pendekatan pembelajaran yang ditawarkan oleh Play Based Learning dianggap sejalan dengan pemikiran Filsafat Pendidikan William Heard Kilpatrick.

This research aims to describe Play Based Learning, a concept for early childhood education, using William Heard Kilpatrick's philosophy of education. This research has its background in the condition of education today, which prioritizes science and technology but puts aside art and humanity, one which has an orientation towards economic growth. It starts even at the early level of child education. Play Based Learning comes as an alternative education program, through learning activities for children and by developing the potential of children according to the interests and talents possessed by children, without the coercion or the interests of adults. Play Based Learning provides an opportunity for children to be actively involved in the learning process. This research also aims to understand the thinking of William Heard Kilpatrick as an instrument to analyze the concept of education in Play Based Learning. This Reasearch is a literature study wich used philosophical hermeneutics as a method.The subject matter of this research is Play Based Learning along with the problems that come with it. The formal object of this research is Kilpatrick's main philosophical thought which is relevant to Play Based Learning. This research is literature study that follows steps such as: inventory and data categorization, data classification, analysis and compilation of results. The result of said research analysis would be processed by using a philosophical-methodical element that is, descriptive, interpretation, historical continuity, holistic and critical reflection. This study shows that Kilpatrick wills that education be based on the principles of freedom and equality that he deems to be capable of creating better lives for people. Play Based Learning is an educational concept that places the child as a learning subject. Play Based Learning in practice presents a natural learning space and allows children to grow and develop according to their interests and talents. Kilpatrick's philosophy of education is implied in the educational concepts offered by Play Based Learning. The relationship between teacher and student, and the learning approach offered by Play Based Learning is considered to be in line with the philosophy of his philosophy of education.

Kata Kunci : Play Based Learning, pendidikan anak usia dini, filsafat, pendidikan/ Play Based Learning, early childhood education, philosophy, education.