MOKSHARTHAM JAGADHITA: STUDI ETNOGRAFIS TENTANG WELL-BEING PADA WARGA ASHRAM GANDHI ETNIS BALI

Kristianto Batuadji,

2009 | Tesis |

The purpose of this research is to investigate the concept of well-being among the Balinese Gandhian and the processes needed to reach such condition. This research also investigates the acculturation between Balinese culture and Gandhian Ashram tradition. The acculturation processes in the Balinese Gandhian Ashrams include ecumenism, the acculturation of rituals, and of value system. This is an ethnographic study combined by the phenomenological approach. The participants are the Balinese Gandhian from the Gedong Gandhi Ashram and the Ashram Gandhi Puri. This research found that mokshartham jagadhita is a Balinese indigenous concept of well-being. This concept refers to the physical and psycho-spiritual well-being. It consists of: sukha tanpa wali dukha (non-dual happiness), shaanti (peace), and harmony. This condition can be reached by the fulfillment of the physical, social, and psycho-spiritual needs, which transforms the personality into the ideal state of sthita-pradnya. The search for meaning is also engaged during the attainment of this state. The aforementioned process involves the cognitive, affective, behavioral, and the unconsciousness aspects. This research also reveals the indigenous concept of developmental stages known by the Balinese as catur ashramas, and the indigenous concept of developmental tasks known as catur purusharthas. Keywords: Gandhian Ashram, well-being, acculturation, developmental stages, cultural psychology, indigeneous psychology, Balinese.

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