PEMBUATAN PULP SEBAGAI BAHAN DASAR KERTAS DARI SERAT SABUT KELAPA (COIR) MELALUI PROSES SODA DAN KAJIAN KINETIKA DELIGNIFIKASINYA; MANUFACTURE OF PULP AS THE BASE MATERIAL OF PAPER FROM COCONUT HUSK FIBERS (COIR) THROUGH SODA PROCESS AND STUDY THE KINETICS OF DELIGNIFICATION

ULFA, MARIA, N

2016 | Tesis | FMIPA

Study on manufacture of pulp from coconut husk fibers (coir) through soda process as the base material of paper has been conducted. The research aims to make pulp and to study delignification kinetic on soda and soda-anthraquinone (SAQ) process; to create coir handsheets with variations in treatment such as beating levels, adding wet strength additive-polyamideamine epichlorohydrin (PAE), and blending pulp (coir-eucalyptus and coir-nata de coco). Pulping coir with soda process was carried out by varying the pulping conditions include temperature (65-180 °C), time (60-120 min), the concentration of NaOH (5-25% w/w) and anthraquinone (AQ) 0.05-0.20% w/w. Manufacture of coir handsheets was conducted by varying levels of beating (0-10000 rev) and compositions of blending pulp (0:100-100:0). Characterizations of coir pulp included degree of milling (freeness), chemical composition and surface morphology. Measurement of physical properties (grammage, thickness, density and bulk); print properties (formation, porosity, and absorption) and mechanical properties (dry and wet tensile strength and tear strength) were done to evaluate the characters of paper. The results showed that the best delignification of coir was obtained at the optimum conditions of soda process (160 °C, 90 min, NaOH 15% w/w, and solid liquid ratio of 1: 8). The addition of the AQ catalyst accelerates delignification reaction which was supported by the kinetics data. Beating on pulp stock of 3000 rev improves the physical, printing, mechanical, and morphological properties of coir handsheets; similarly, adding of PAE and blending pulp (coireucalyptus and coir-nata de coco). Combination of beating and adding of PAE at pulp stock formed wet-strength handsheets with the range between 28.0 to 34.2%. For the blending pulp (coir-nata de coco), the range of wet strength handsheets was 25.1-44.2%.

Kata Kunci : coir, eucalyptus, nata de coco, pulp, handsheets, wet strength