PREPARASI DAN KARAKTERISASI KATALIS CoO/ZEOLIT ALAM AKTIF DAN CoO/ZEOLIT-Y UNTUK HIDRORENGKAH MINYAK KULIT JAMBU METTE (ANACARDIUM OCCIDENTALE); PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CoO/NATURAL ACTIVE ZEOLITE AND CoO/Y-ZEOLITE CATALYSTS FOR HYDROCRACKING OF CASHEW NUT SHELL LIQUID (ANACARDIUM OCCIDENTALE)

Windrianingsih, Yustina, Wega Trisunaryanti

2016 | Disertasi | FMIPA

Preparation and characterization of CoO/activated natural zeolite (CoO/ZAA) and CoO/Y-zeolite (CoO/ZY) catalyst for hydrocracking of cashew nut shell liquid to gasoline and diesel have been examined. The natural zeolit from Klaten was activated with HCl 3M at 90°C for 30 min (ZAA sampel). The catalysts were prepared by impregnation of Co metal onto the ZAA or Y-zeolite (ZY) sample using salt precursor of Co(NO3)2.6H2O, at 90°C for 5 h. The Samples were calcinated using microwave at 550 watt for 15 min, then oxidized using O2 at 400°C for 1 h. Catalyst characterizations were done by determining acidity using gravimetric method of amonia and pyridine base vapor adsorption, and identification of Bronsted as well as Lewis acid sites using FT-IR. Catalyst crystalinity was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and catalyst porosity was determined using Surface Area Analyzer (SAA). Hydrocracing of the cashew nut shell liquid was carried out in a semi flow fixed-bed reactor system at 400 and 450°C, with the weight ratio of feed/catalyst was 2, 4, and 6, and H2 flow rate of 20 mL/min. The liquid product of the hydrocracking was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). The results showed that the Co impregnated onto the ZAA and ZY samples gravimetrically increased their acidity without defect their crystalinity. The FT-IR result indicated that the all catalysts have Lewis and Bronsted acid sites. Specific surface area, average pore radius and total pore volume, for CoO/ZAA were 148.683 m2/g, 23.028 ?, 0.156 cc/g, respectivelly, and those of the CoO/ZY was 553.786 m2/g, 12.574 ?, and 0.348 cc/g, respectively. The highest percentage of liquid product of the hydrocracking using the CoO/ZAA and CoO/ZY catalysts was 51.28 and 71.19% (w/w), at 450°C, sample feed/catalyst ratio of 4 (w/w). Selectivity of CoO/ZAA catalyst for gasoline, diesel and heavy oil fraction was 37.60, 20.80 and 41.59 wt.%, respectively. Selectivity of CoO/ZY catalyst for gasoline, diesel and heavy oil fraction was 52.40, 31.41 and 16.17 wt.%, respectively.

Kata Kunci : activated natural zeolite, Cashew Nut Shell Liquid, Co metal, hydrocracking, Y-zeolite