SINTESIS BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK GORENG BEKAS DENGAN BANTUAN GELOMBANG MIKRO TERKATALISIS SO4/ZrO2 DAN KOH/ZrO2; BIODIESEL SYNTHESIS OF USED COOKING OIL WITH MICROWAVE ASSISTANCE CATALYZED SO4/ZrO2 AND KOH/ZrO2
E Lassi, Selmianiy, Karna Wijaya
2015 | Disertasi | FMIPAThe activity of sulfated zirconia (ZrO2/SO4) for esterification reaction of used cooking oil and zirconia modified with KOH (ZrO2/K2O) for transesterification reaction of the esterification product using microwave method has been studied. The ZrO2/SO4 and ZrO2/K2O catalysts were prepared by a wet impregnation method. The ZrO2/SO4 and ZrO2/K2O catalysts were characterized using FT-IR, XRD and SEM. The esterification reaction was carried out in a microwave system under variation of power and time. The transesterification reaction was performed on the variation of microwave power at a constant time (10 min). Biodiesel obtained from transesterifiction was characterized using GC-MS, 1H-NMR and physical properties were analyzed with the ASTM method. The characterization result of FT-IR, XRD and SEM showed that the ZrO2/SO4 and ZrO2/K2O catalysts was successfully synthesized. The ZrO2/SO4 catalysts decreased free fatty acids in the esterification of about 2,87 - 1,53 wt% at 700 watts of the microwave power in 20 min. The ZrO2/K2O catalysts produced biodiesel for about 78.56wt%. The formation of biodiesel was evidenced by the appearance of several peaks corresponding to the peak of methyl palmitate (48.91%), methyl oleic (39.27%), linoleic methyl (5.04%), methyl methyl stearate (4.95%), and methyl myristate (1.83%). ASTM test biodiesel of used cooking oil has a spesific grafity (60/60 °F) 0,88, viscosity kinematic (40 °C) large 5,79 mm2/s, flash point at 151 °C, cloud point 24 °C, pour point 18 °C, conradson carbon residue 0,79 % wt, and water content 0,64% vol. In general, biodiesel of used cooking oil can be used as fuel for diesel engines.
Kata Kunci : Biodiesel; Microwave; Used cooking oil; Zirconia modified with KOH; Zirconia sulfated
