Cr/ZrO2-BENTONIT: SINTESIS, KARAKTERISASI DAN APLIKASINYA UNTUK HIDRORENGKAH MINYAK JARAK (Ricinus communis); Cr/ZrO2-BENTONITE: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ITS APPLICATION ON CASTOR OIL (Ricinus communis) HYDROCRACKING

Fitroturokhmah, Ade, Karna Wijaya

2015 | Disertasi | FMIPA

The synthesis and characterization of Cr/ZrO2-bentonite catalyst for hydrocracking of castor oil (Ricinus communis) into gasoline fraction have been carried out. Pillarization of bentonite was conducted using zirconyl chloride octahydrate as pillaring agent and followed by impregnation of Cr(NO3)3·9H2O precursor into the pillared bentonite under precursor loading variation of 1, 2 and 3% (w/w). X-ray diffraction, ammonia adsorption method, X-ray fluorescence, Infrared Spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscope and Brunauer, Emmett, Teller surface area method have been used to characterize and to compare the properties of the synthesized materials. Catalytic activity and selectivity have been tested in the hydrocracking of castor oil using upflow fixed-bed reactor at 500 °C and hydrogen flow rate of 20 mL/min. Liquid product was analyzed by GC-MS to determine the percentage of oil fractions. The results showed that Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), basal spacing, specific surface area, pore radius, total pore volume and acidity of bentonite were 86.40 meq/100 g, 15.56 Å, 96.64 m2/g, 19.15 Å, 0.22 cc/g and 4.46 mmol/g, respectively. Pillarization using zirconia oxide decreased the CEC to 39.20 meq/100 g, but increased the basal spacing, specific surface area, pore radius, total pore volume and acidity were 27.95 Å, 164.04 m2/g, 19.18 Å, 0.28 cc/g and 7.22 mmol/g, respectively. The higher metal loading causes the basal spacing decreases but increases the acidity of bentonite. Catalytic activity and selectivity test showed that liquid product and selectivity of gasoline fraction influenced by Cr/ZrO2- bentonite surface acidity. The highest catalytic activity and selectivity toward liquid product was shown by Cr/ZrO2-bentonit-2 catalyst was 78.80% (w/w) with 32.73% (w/w) of gasoline fraction.

Kata Kunci : Cr/ZrO2-bentonite; hydrocracking; gasoline fraction; castor oil