HIDROLISIS LIMBAH KULIT BUAH KAKAO SEBAGAI MEDIA FERMENTASI ASAM LAKTAT; HYDROLYSIS OF COCOA POD HUSK WASTE AS A MEDIUM FOR LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION

Rambat, Nurul Hidayat Aprilita

2015 | Disertasi | FMIPA

A research on hydrolysis of cocoa pod husk waste as medium for lactic acid fermentation had been conducted. This research aims at determining the optimum conditions for delignification, acid and enzymatic hydrolysis process of cocoa pod husk and its use as a medium for lactic acid fermentation. The parameters were studied, i.e. the concentration of alkaline of delignification process, the concentration of acid, temperature and time of acid hydrolysis process, enzyme substrate ratio of enzymatic hydrolysis process and the media for lactic acid fermentation. The characterization of the cocoa pod husk was conducted using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Infra Red Spectrometry (IR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The concentration of glucose was determined quantitatively by UV-sulfate method, while the concentration of total lactic acid by acid-base titration method. The results showed that the cocoa pod husk delignification with NaOH alkaline solution reached optimum condition at 6% NaOH concentration that caused decrease of lignin from 30.46% to 24.64%. The process of acid hydrolysis of the cocoa pod husk delignified achieved optimum condition at 2.0% H2SO4 concentration, with temperature of 120°C and within 30 minutes that produced 41.15 g/L glucose. Enzymatic hydrolysis process of the cocoa pod husk delignified achieved optimum condition at 8% enzyme-substrate ratio, which produced 15.06 g/L glucose. Since the glucose concentration resulted from acid hydrolysis was higher than that resulted from enzymatic hydrolysis, it was chosen as a medium for lactic acid fermentation that produced 13.27 g/L lactic acid.

Kata Kunci : cacao pod husk; delignification; hydrolysis; fermentation