ISOLASI SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER ANTIHIPERGLIKEMIK DARI BIJI MAHONI (Swietenia macrophylla, King); ISOLATION OF ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC SECONDARY METABOLITE COMPOUNDS FROM MAHAGONY SEED (Swietenia macrophylla, King)
Muristi, Sri, Sabirin Matsjeh
2015 | Tesis | FMIPAMahagony seeds (Swietenia macrophylla, King) empirically have been used for traditional medicine as such as diabetes mellitus. The extraction of mahagony seeds is essential to isolate the antihyperglycemic active compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins. This research aimed to study phytochemical screening of isolated compounds of mahagony seeds extract and further evaluation of its antihyperglycemic activity. Phytochemical studies on the mahagony seeds was done by macerated a total of 3000 g of mahagony seeds powder by using n-hexane followed by methanol each for three days. Each fraction was evaporated and gained dry mahagony extracts. The dry extracts were screened to identify the physical, optical and phytochemical activities for the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, and steroids, and separation by liquid vacum chromatography and column chromatography. The structure elucidation of the extracts were performed by FTIR, UV-Vis spectrometer and GC-MS. The glucose tolerance test was used to know the activity of isolated compounds to decreased blood glucose levels in white male Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus). Glibenclamide was used for the positive control and distilled water was used for negative control. Blood samples were taken at 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 minutes after the injection of the substances. Data collection was performed by measuring the UV absorption at 630 nm against blood serum test animals before and after glucose loading. Methanol extract was obtained as 355 g of brown solid with 207 °C of melting point. Phytochemical screening for methanol extract was tested and shown positive result for alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins. Structure elucidation of methanol extract identified the presence of flavonoids: 7-hydroxy-2-(4- hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-chromen-4-one), three alkaloids: 3,6,7-trimethoxy-4- methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isoquinoline; 3,4,5,6,7-pentaethyl-1-methoxy-1H– indazole; 5-ethyl-6-methoxymethyl-2-methyl-1,2-dihydro–pyridine and saponin : 1,4-Bis-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydro-furo(3,4-c)furan. The overall study results showed that the flavonoid, alkaloid, and saponin have the antihyperglycemic activity.
Kata Kunci : mahagony seeds; secondary metabolite; antihyperglycemic
