SINTESIS POLIMER EPOKSI TERMODIFIKASI POLIURETAN/SILIKA BERBAHAN DASAR 1,3 PROPANADIOL HASIL KONVERSI GLISEROL PRODUK SAMPING BIODIESEL; SYNTHESIS OF POLYURETHANE/SILICA MODIFIED EPOXY POLYMER BASED ON 1,3-PROPANEDIOL FROM GLYCEROL AS BYPRODUCT OF BIODIESEL
LUTVIASARI NURAINI, Jumina
2015 | Disertasi | FMIPAThe study on the synthesis of polyurethane/silica modified epoxy polymer using 1.3-propanediol from glycerol as a biodiesel byproduct has been conducted. Synthesis of 1.3-propanediol was started by glycerol isolation through palm oil transesterification catalyzed by alkali. The next step was the synthesis of prop-2-en-1-ol via dehydration reaction of glycerol through fractional distillation using formic acid. The reaction was followed by hydroboration and oxidation of prop-2-en-1-ol to produce 1.3-propanediol. The polymer synthesis was then followed by reaction of 1.3-propanediol and tolonate (ratio NCO/OH=2.5) as a building block of polyurethane with diglisidil eter bisfenol A (DGEBA) epoxy by dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTL) catalyst, in which the total weight of polyurethane was 20% (w/w) of the total epoxy. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis showed the presence of a new absorbance at 1713 cm-1 of C=O group of urethane bond (-NH-(C=O)-O-) as a result of isocyanate reaction with a hydroxyl group of epoxy and 1.3-propanediol. In addition, the analysis showed that the absorption intensity at 2276 cm-1 of isocyanate group has been reduced. Whereas, H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1HNMR) analysis indicated a new signal on chemical shifting region at ?=5.0 ppm of –C-H sp3 which is bound on -O- atom of urethane (-CH-O-(C=O)NH-). In the other hand, the addition of silica (5%, 10%, 15% w/w to epoxy) into the epoxy-modified polyurethane has been carried out through sol-gel reaction of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS). The polymer product has been analyzed using isocyanate conversion level test, morphology and element identification by Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (SEM/EDX), the tensile strength and elongation analysis, also thermal stability analysis using Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer (TGA). The results showed that Si element has been succesfully added in the polymer. In addition, the increase of silica amount into the polyurethane modified epoxy did not significantly affect to thermal and mechanical properties of the polymer.
Kata Kunci : epoxy; polyuretane; silica; glycerol; 1.3-propanediol
