REAKSI NITRASI BERBASIS GREEN CHEMISTRY MENGGUNAKAN KALSIUM NITRAT PADA SENYAWA VANILIN, ASAM SALISILAT DAN VERATRALDEHIDA; GREEN CHEMISTRY BASED NITRATION USING CALCIUM NITRATE TO VANILIN, SALICYLIC ACID AND VERATRALDEHYDE COMPUNDS

ANDRE VINCENTIUS ANGGA, Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih

2015 | Skripsi | FMIPA

The research in nitration using calcium nitrate in vaniline, salicylic acid and veratraldehyde compunds has been studied. The purpose of this research is to study methods of greens chemistry based nitration using calcium nitrate compounds to benzene derivatives, which is vanillin, salicylic acid and veratraldehyde. Reaction of nitration is reacting each the vaniline, salicylic acid and veratraldehyde compunds with calcium nitrate in glacial acetic acid as solvent. The reaction was performed in an open system, and with heating. Some factors that affect the rate and yield of the nitration reaction is the temperature used during the reaction, cooling time after the reaction, and the substituents attached to the benzene ring. Nitration product obtained from each of the compounds analyzed using FTIR spectrofotometer, 1H-NMR, and GC-MS. The results showed that the reaction occurs with accompanying changes color to brownish orange color. Reaction highly dependent to temperature that is used to trigger nitronium ion subtitutes to the benzene ring via electrophilic substitution reactions. Product of vanillin nitration is 5-nitro vanillin with yield 79.02%. Product of salicylic acid nitration is 5-nitro salicylic acid with yield 21.05%. Product of veratraldehyde nitration is 6-nitro veratraldehyde with yield 77.77%.

Kata Kunci : nitration; green chemistry; vaniline; salicylic acid; veratraldehyde