KATALIS HETEROGEN K2CO3/?-ALUMINA DAN CaCO3/?- ALUMINA DALAM PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL; HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTS OF K2CO3/?-ALUMINA AND CaCO3/?-ALUMINA UTILIZATION ON BIODIESEL PRODUCTION

ARUM DWI AGUSTIN, Wega Trisunaryanti

2014 | Disertasi | PROGRAM STUDI S2 ILMU KIMIA

Heterogeneous catalysts of K2CO3/?-alumina and CaCO3/?-alumina for biodiesel production via transesterification of castor oil (Riccinus communis) have been studied. The K2CO3 and CaCO3 salt (10 wt.%) was loaded on ?-alumina by wet impregnation method, followed by calcination and oxidation produced K2CO3/?-alumina and CaCO3/?-alumina catalysts. The prepared catalysts were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Surface Area Analyzer (SAA) and Barret Joyner Halenda (BJH) to analyze cristalinity, specific surface, total pore volume and average pore radius of catalysts, respectively. Basicity of catalysts were determined by the Hammett method. Transesterification reaction of castor oil was conducted in a batch reactor system at 60oC for 2 h. The parameters of catalyst to oil weight ratio and reaction time were varied for conversion of the castor oil to biodiesel. The methyl esther content on biodiesel product was analyzed with GC-MS and American Standard of Testing Materials (ASTM) of biodiesel. The result show that impregnation of K2CO3 and CaCO3 to ?-alumina were decreased specific surface area and increased basicity and average pore radius of ?-alumina. The highest catalytic activity yielded 95% biodiesel under the condition of 5 wt.% K2CO3/?-alumina for 150 min. The catalyst selectivity toward methyl ricinoleate of GC analysis and liquid product were 91.81% and 87.22%.

Kata Kunci : biodiesel; transesterifikasi; Riccinus communis