PREPARASI DAN KARAKTERISASI KATALIS NiO-CoO-MoO/ZEOLIT ALAM DAN NiO-CoO-MoO/ZEOLIT- Y UNTUK REAKSI HIDRORENGKAH MINYAK LAKA MENJADI FRAKSI BENSIN DAN DIESEL; PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NiO-CoO-MoO/NATURAL ZEOLITE AND NiO-CoO-MoO/Y-ZEOLITE FOR HYDROCRACKING OF CASHEW NUT SHELL LIQUID TO GASOLINE AND DIESEL FRACTION

AHMAD NASIR PULUNGAN, Wega Trisunaryanti

2010 | Disertasi | PROGRAM STUDI S2 ILMU KIMIA

Preparation and characterization of NiO-CoO-MoO/natural zeolite and NiO-CoO-MoO/ Y-zeolite catalysts for hydrocracking of Cashew Nut Shell Liquid to gasoline and diesel fraction have been investigated. Natural Zeolite from Klaten was activated by reflux process method procedure using HCl 3M for 30 min at 90 oC (to yale ZAA sample). Impregnation of Ni, Co, and Mo was carried out using salt precursor of Ni(NO3)2, Co(NO3)2, and (NH4)6Mo7O24, at 90 oC for 5 h. The solvent was then evaporated and dried at 120 oC for 2 h and the samples were activated by microwave method at 450 watt power for 10 min, then oxidized by O2 at 500 oC for 2 h. The characterization of catalyst including determination of specific surface area, average pore radius, and total pore volume was done by gas sorption analyzer (NOVA-1200e), total acid site was determinated by ammonia (NH3) and pyridine gas adsorption and crystallinity by X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The thermal and catalytic hydrocracking of laka oil was carried out in a flow system fixed-bed stainless steel reactor at 400 oC and 450 oC at the ratio of catalyst/feed was 0.17, 0.25, and 0.50 (w/w). The liquid products were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The result of characterization of samples showed that the ZAA , NiOCoO- MoO/ZAA, ZY and NiO-CoO-MoO/ZY have specific surface area of 202.735 m2/g, 32.523 m2/g, 342.651 m2/g and 499.246 m2/g. Product of hydrocracking prosess was liquid, coke and gas. The product was consist of gasoline (C5-C12), diesel (C12- C20) and heavy oil (>C20) fractions. The highest liquid product was 74.99 % which was achieved by NiO-CoO-MoO/ZY catalyst at 400 oC, catalyst/feed ratio of 0.5 (w/w), with selectivity of gasoline, diesel and heavy oil fractions was respectively 49.77, 23.35, and 27.88 wt.%. The highest liquid conversion produced by NiO-MoO-CoO/ZAA catalyst was 48.70 % at 450oC catalyst/feed ratio of 0,25 (w/w), with selectivity of gasoline, diesel and heavy oli fractions was 27.66, 38.69, and 33.65 wt.%, respectively.

Kata Kunci : hidrorengkah; minyak laka; zeolit alam; zeolit-Y.