PREPARASI SEMEN CAIR SAPI DENGAN SUPLEMENTASI TANNIN DAUN LAMTORO (Leucaena leucocephala) SELAMA 14 HARI PENYIMPANAN PADA SUHU 4-5 oC

SIRAT, Muhammad Mirandy Pratama , Agung Budiyanto

2014 | Tesis |

Inseminasi buatan pada sapi di Indonesia tergantung pada metode perkembangbiakan yang masih dikenal masyarakat tetapi dibutuhkan penyimpanan semen beku dalam media nitogen cair untuk mempertahankan suhu beku -196oC. Nitrogen cair sulit diperoleh di daerah terpencil sehingga spermatozoa pada semen beku akan mati karena peningkatan suhu penyimpanan. Solusi yang dibutuhkan adalah ketersediaan spermatozoa yang dapat bertahan lama tanpa pembekuan dan tanpa penyimpanan dalam nitrogen cair. Penelitian dilakukan dengan preparasi semen cair sapi melalui suplementasi berbagai konsentrasi tannin daun lamtoro (leucocephala tannin ; LT) dengan pengencer Tris Asam Sitrat Fruktosa Kuning Telur terhadap kualitas spermatozoa selama 14 hari penyimpanan pada suhu 4-5oC. Evaluasi spermatozoa yang dilakukan pemeriksaan kualitas semen segar segera setelah koleksi, pemeriksaan persentase motilitas, hidup dan morfologi spermatozoa dari tiap kelompok, serta pengamatan morfologi membran plasma kepala spermatozoa dari semen cair dengan konsentrasi LT terbaik. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Desain Faktorial, yang terdiri dari 5 kelompok perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan. Semen segar yang diencerkan sebagai kelompok kontrol (P0) dan 4 kelompok perlakuan yaitu P1 (P0 + LT 1,5%), P2 (P0 + LT 3%), P3 (P0 + LT 4,5%) dan P4 (P0 + LT 6%). Semen cair dari tiap kelompok dimasukkan ke dalam straw 0,25 ml menggunakan spuit steril 5 ml dan disimpan dalam lemari pendingin pada suhu 4-5oC. Evaluasi spermatozoa dilakukan setiap hari selama 14 hari penyimpanan. Data kualitas semen segar dan morfologi membran sel kepala spermatozoa dianalisis secara desktriptif. Data persentase motilitas dan morfologi spermatozoa antar kelompok dianalisis dengan one way ANOVA, data persentase hidup spermatozoa dengan two way ANOVA, apabila terdapat perbedaan yang nyata (p < 0,05) dilanjutkan uji Least Significant Difference (LSD). Hasil penelitian tidak terdapat perbedaan terhadap motilitas dan morfologi spermatozoa antar kelompok (p > 0,05), tetapi berpengaruh pada hidup spermatozoa (p < 0,05) pada suplementasi LT 4,5% per ml semen dapat mempertahankan spermatozoa hidup paling tinggi dibanding perlakuan lainnya dengan rata-rata persentase hidup spermatozoa sebesar 53,16 ±20,68% dan waktu penyimpanan paling lama dengan persentase hidup diatas Standar Nasional Indonesia (40%) sampai hari ke-9 penyimpanan dan membran plasma kepala spermatozoa tetap utuh selama penyimpanan pada suhu 4-5oC. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu preparasi semen cair sapi dengan suplementasi tannin daun lamtoro konsentrasi 4,5% per ml semen cair dapat memperpanjang waktu hidup spermatozoa dan mempertahankan keutuhan membran plasma kepala spermatozoa pada kondisi normal.

Bovine artificial insemination in Indonesia depends on breeding method that people knows, but it needs storage of frozen semen in liqud nitrogen to maintain the temperature at -196 oC. Liquid nitrogen is hardly to get in area that far away from transportation, it will make sperm in frozen state will die because of increasing from storage temperature. It needs solution that sperm has long time viability without freezing and storage in liquid nitrogen. This research was applied with preparation of bovine liquid semen with supplementation of several tannin concentrations from Leucaena leucocephala leaves (leucocephala tannin ; LT) with Tris Citrate Fructose Egg Yolk as dilution againts sperm quality for 14 days storage in 4-5oC. Sperm evaluations were observations of fresh sperm quality after collection, percentages of sperm motility, viability and morphology of each groups and morphology observation of plasma membrane sperm head from liquid semen with the best concentration of LT supplementation. This research was programmed with Factorial Design, that consist of 5 treatment groups with 3 replications. All groups were fresh semen that had diluted as control group (P0) and 4 groups as treatment groups, those were P1 (P0 + LT 1,5%), P2 (P0 + LT 3%), P3 (P0 + LT 4,5%) dan P4 (P0 + LT 6%). Liquid semen from each groups were placed in 0.25 ml straws using 5 ml sterilized spuit and were storaged in refrigerator at 4-5oC. Sperm evaluations applied every day for 14 days storage. Fresh semen quality and morphology of plasma membrane sperm head datas were analyzed descriptively. Percentages of sperm motility and morphology datas between groups were analyzed with one way ANOVA, percentage of sperm viability datas between groups were analyzed with two way ANOVA, if there were significant difference (p < 0,05) its continued with Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. The results of research were no difference againts sperm motility and morphology between groups (p > 0,05), but there was effect on sperm viability (p < 0,05) from LT 4,5% supplementation per ml semen could maintain highest sperm viability than other groups. Average percentage of sperm viability was 53,16 ±20,68% and the longest storage time above Indonesia National Standard (40%) until day 9 storage and morphology of sperm head had intact plasma membrane for storage at 4-5oC. Conclusion of this research were the preparation of bovine liquid semen with tannin supplementation from lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) leaves concentration 4.5% for each ml liquid semen could expand sperm viability period and defend the intact of plasma membrane sperm head in normal condition.

Kata Kunci : preparasi semen cair, leucocephala tannin, suhu 4-5 oC, evaluasi spermatozoa, membran plasma.