Analisis Daya Saing Dan Struktur Pasar Ekspor Lada Indonesia
Wilda Zulaiha (Adv.: Denni Puspa Purbasari, M.Sc., Ph.D.), Denni Puspa Purbasari, M.Sc., Ph.D.
Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui posisi daya saing dan struktur pasar ekspor lada Indonesia dari tahun 2002 sampai dengan 2012. Penelitian ini menggunakan perhitungan Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA), Constant Market Share (CMS), Relative Trade Advantage (RTA), dan Export Competitiveness Index (ECI) untuk mengetahui posisi daya saing ekspor lada Indonesia serta menggunakan metode Herfindahl Index (HI) dan Concentration Ratio (CR) untuk mengetahui struktur pasar ekspor lada Indonesia.
Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa secara umum ekspor lada Indonesia untuk lada butir (SITC 07511) memiliki keunggulan komparatif lebih kuat dibandingkan lada bubuk (SITC 07512) di pasar internasional dari tahun ke tahun. Struktur pasar dalam perdagangan lada butir (SITC 07511) menunjuk ke arah struktur pasar oligopoli dengan tingkat konsentrasi pasar sedang. Sedangkan struktur pasar dalam perdagangan lada bubuk (SITC 07512) menunjuk ke arah struktur pasar persaingan sempurna atau persaingan monopolistik dengan tingkat konsentrasi pasar rendah.
The main objective of this study was to determine the position and competitiveness of Indonesian pepper export market structure from 2002 to 2012. This study uses the calculation of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA), Constant Market Share (CMS), Relative Trade Advantage (RTA), and Export Competitiveness Index (ECI) to determine the position of Indonesian pepper export competitiveness as well as using Herfindahl Index (HI) and Concentration Ratio (CR) to determine the structure of Indonesian pepper export market.
The study concluded that in general the export of Indonesian pepper to pepper grains (SITC 07 511) has a comparative advantage is stronger than pepper powder (SITC 07 512) in the international market from year to year. The structure of the market in the trade of pepper grains (SITC 07 511) pointing towards an oligopoly market structure with a moderate degree of market concentration. While the structure of the market in the trade of pepper powder (SITC 07 512) pointing towards the structure of perfect competition or monopolistic competition with the level of market concentration is low.
Kata Kunci : Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA), Constant Market Share (CMS), Relative Trade Advantage (RTA), Export Competitiveness Index (ECI), Herfindahl Index (HI), Concentration Ratio (CR), daya saing ekspor, str
