Hubungan Antara Pendapatan Nasional dan Tingkat Kesehatan di Indonesia: suatu analisis kausalitas, tahun 1971-2004

Siburian, Paul Anderson, Amirullah Setya Hardi, S.E., M.Sc.

2008 | Skripsi | S1 Economics

Human capital is one of the important determinants in the process of economic growth. In the other hand, human development needs resources, which come from economic growth. In other words, there is a two-way relationship between human capital and economic growth. Health is an important form of human capital. It can enhance workers productivity by increasing their physical capacities, such as strength and endurance, as well as their mental capacities, such as cognitive functioning and reasoning ability. The objective of this research is to investigate the causal relationship between health and income in Indonesia for a sample of time series data since 1971 until 2004. This paper uses aggregate income (GDP) in 1996 constant prices and four well-known indicators of health (Life Expectancy, Infant Mortality Rates, Crude Death Rates, and Government Investment in Health Sectors which is proxied by realization of government expenditures on health development from national budget allocation) as data variables to measure the direction of causality. A Granger Causality framework using parametric F-tests strongly indicates that causality flows only from improving incomes to rising health in the short-run and the long-run. Increasing incomes have played an important and significant role in increasing Government Investment in Health Sectors and extending Life Expectancy. Keywords: health economics, socioeconomic status, economic growth, human development, engle-granger causality, GDP.

Kata Kunci : Pendapatan Nasional; GDP; Tingkat Kesehatan; Pertumbuhan EKonomi