PENGARUH MENINGKATNYA KEPEMILIKAN ASING TERHADAP KINERJA BANK SWASTA NASIONAL DI INDONESIA

MUNAWARAH, SRI , A. TONY PRASETIANTONO, Phd.

2008 | Skripsi | S1 Economics

Besarnya kebutuhan dana dalam langkah stabilisasi dan restrukturisasisektor keuangan pasca krisis 1998, membuat pemerintah Indonesia melakukan divestasi aset beberapa bank domestik kepada investor asing. PT Bank Central Asia Tbk merupakan bank rekap pertama yang didivestasi kepada investor asing pada 2002. Fenomena meningkatnya kepemilikan asing dalam industri perbankan Indonesia ini menarik untuk diteliti. Skripsi ini meneliti dampak dari meningkatnya kepemilikan asing terhadap kinerja delapan bank swasta nasional di Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan data panel pada delapan bank yang didivestasi-PT Bank Central Asia Tbk, PT Bank International Indonesia Tbk, PT Bank NISP Tbk, PT Bank Buana Indonesia Tbk, PT Bank Niaga, PT Bank Danamon Indonesia Tbk, PT Bank Bumiputera Tbk, PT Bank Lippo Tbk-yang memiliki 50 persen atau lebih kepemilikan asing terhadap modal masing-masing bank dari 2002 hingga 2006. Estimasi menggunakan metode fixed effect with cross section weights, untuk menguji pengaruh dari independent variables (foreign shares, inflasi, tingkat suku bunga, dan PDB) terhadap enam indikator kinerja delapan bank yang didivestasi (CAR, NPL, ROA, ROE, NIM, and, LDR). Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa kepemilikan asing berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tiga indikator kinerja bank (CAR, NIM, dan LDR). Kata kunci: kepemilikan asing, indikator kinerja, fixed effect, divestasi.

Due to the need to stabilize and restructure the financial sector after the Asia financial crisis in 1998, let the government of Indonesia to divest assets of some domestic banks to foreign investors. PT Bank Central Asia Tbk was the first recapitalized bank to be divested to foreign investor in 2002. The phenomenon of greater foreign ownership in Indonesian banking industry is interesting to be examined. This thesis examines the impact of greater foreign ownership on the performance of eight national private banks in Indonesia. This research applied panel data of eight divested banks-PT Bank Central Asia Tbk, PT Bank International Indonesia Tbk, PT Bank NISP Tbk, PT Bank Buana Indonesia Tbk, PT Bank Niaga, PT Bank Danamon Indonesia Tbk, PT Bank Bumiputera Tbk, PT Bank Lippo Tbk-, which each accounted 50 percent or more foreign shares on their total equities in the year of 2002 to 2006. Estimation using fixed effect with cross section weights method could be applied to examined the impact of independent variables (foreign shares, inflation, interest rate, and GDP) on six performance indicators of the eight divested banks (CAR, NPL, ROA, ROE, NIM, and, LDR). It reveals that foreign ownership (shares) could significantly affected to three performance indicators (CAR, NIM, and LDR). Keyword: foreign ownership, performance indicator, fixed effect, divestation.

Kata Kunci : kepemilikan asing, indikator kinerja, fixed effect, divestasi; perbankan