Tingkat Intensitas Kepemimpinan Transformasional dan Substitusi Kepemimpinan Serta Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kepuasan bawahan
ENDARWATI, M. LIES (Pembimbing : Edi Prasetyo Nugroho, Dr., M.B.A.), Edi Prasetyo Nugroho, Dr., M.B.A.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat intensitas perilaku kepemimpinan transformasional, tingkat intensitas substitusi kepernimpinan, dan pengaruhnya terhadap kepuasan kerja bawahan dilihat dari persepsi bawahan langsung.
Objek penelitian ini adalah para Store Manajer Perusahaan Ritel yang ada di Yogyakarta dan Suraka rta. Sedangkan responden penelitian ini adalah karyawan bawahan langsung store manajer (supervisor), sejumlah 54 supervisor, dari jumlah ini ternyata yang mengembalikan hanya 52 responden, dengan demikian respon ratenya sebesar 96,29%. Metode pengambilan sampe yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara memberikan kuesioner kepada para supervisor di Perusahaan Ritel tersebut. lstrumen yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini diadopsi dari instrumen yang digunakan oleh Podsakoff dkk. (1996), dengan penyesuaian bahasa. Hasil uji reliabilitas instrumen terbukti reliabel. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis statistik deskriptif, uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji normalitas, uji linieritas, analisis regresi linier berganda, analisis interaction effect dengan bantuan program SPss.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (l ) Para Store Manajer Perusahaan Ritel dapat diidentifikasi sebagai pemimpin transformasional; (2) Tingkat intensitas substitusi kepemimpinan Para Store Manajer masih sedang; (3) Tingkat intensitas kepemimpinan transforrnasional dan tingkat intensitas substitusi kepemimpinan mempengaruhi secara positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja bawahan; (4) Tingkat intensitas substitusi kepemimpinan memoderasi secara parsial pengaruh tingkat intensitas kepemimpinan transforrnasional terhadap kepuasan kerja bawahan; (5) Dari lima be1as interaksi antara 3 dimensi substitusi kernpemimpinan dengan pengaruh 5 dimensi kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap kepuasan kerja bawahan terbukti hanya 6 interaksi yang menunjukkan koefisien betanya signifikan; (6) Ketiga dimensi substitusi kepemimpinan tidak memoderasi pengaruh dimensi articulating a vision terhadap kepuasan kerja bawahan; (7) Ketiga dimensi substitusi kepernimpinan memoderasi pengaruh dimensi providing an appropriate mode! terhadap kepuasan kerja bawahan; (8) Ketiga dimensi substitusi kepemimpinan tidak: memoderasi pengaruh dimensi fostering the acceptance of group goals terhadap kepuasan kerja bawahan; (9) Hanya dimensi karakteristik tugas yang memoderasi pengaruh dimensi high performance expectations terhadap kepuasan kerja bawahan; (10) Hanya dimensi karakteristik bawahan yang tidak memoderasi pengaruh dimensi
intellectual stimulation terhadap kepuasan kerja bawahan.
This study was intended to identify the intensity level of transformational leader behaviors, the intensity level substitutes for leadership, and their effects on the subordinate's job satisfaction viewed from the perception of the direct subordinates. Objects of this study were the Store Managers of Retail Companies in Yogyakarta and Surakarta. Where as the respondents of this study were the direct subordinates of the store managers (supervisors), as much as 54 supervisors; from this, 52 respondents returned the questionnaires, with a response rate of 96.29%. The sampling method used was purposive sampling. The data collection was performed by distributing questionnaires to the supervisors in the Retail Company. Instrument used in this study was adopted from the one used by Podsakoff et.al. (1996), with some language adjustment. The results of the reliability tests proved that the instrument was reliable. Analyses used in this research were descriptive statistical analysis, validity test, reliability test, normality test, linearity test, multiple linear regression analysis, and analysis of interaction effect by using SPSS program.
Results of the study showed that: (1) The Store Managers of Retail Companies can be identified as transformational leaders; (2) The intensity level of the Store Managers' substitutes for leadership was still moderate; (3) The intensity levels of the transformational leader behaviors and substitutes for leadership have positive and significant impact on the subordinate's job satisfaction; (4) The intensity level of the substitutes for leadership moderated partially the effects of the intensity level of transformational leader behaviors on the subordinate's job satisfaction; (5) From the 15 interactions between 3 dimensions of substitutes for leadership and the effects of 5 dimensions of transformational leader behaviors on subordinate's job satisfaction, only 6 interactions showed significant beta coefficients; (6) The three dimensions of substitutes for leadership did not moderate the effects of articulating a vision dimension on subordinate's job satisfaction; (7) The three dimension of substitutes for leadership moderated the effects of providing an appropriate model dimension on subordinate's job satisfaction; (8) The three dimensions of substitutes for leadership did not moderate the effects of fostering the acceptance of group goals dimension on subordinate's job satisfaction; (9) Only the job characteristics dimension moderated the effects of high performance expectations dimension on subordinate's job satisfaction; (l0) Only the subordinate characteristics dimension did not moderate the effects of intellectual stimulation dimension on subordinate's job satisfaction.
Kata Kunci : Perilaku Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Substitusi Kepemimpinan, Kepuasan Kerja, dan Perusahaan Ritel, Transformational Leader Behaviors, Substitutes for Leadership, Job Satisfaction, and Retail Company
