Analisis dampak merger horisontal antar bank terhadap profitabilitas dan efisiensi industri perbankan indonesia

Dyah Nirmalawati Taurusianingsih (Adv:Prof.Dr.Sukadji Ranuwihardja,MA), Prof.Dr.Sukadji Ranuwihardja,MA

2001 | Tesis | S2 Economics

Bank-bank di Indonesia yang jumlahnya mencapai 239 buah setelah Pak.to 1988 mempunyai banyak masalah struktural internal, menyangkut keterbatasan aset, modal, sumber daya manusia, teknologi, dan jaringan operasional yang membuat mereka sangat rentan terhadap goncangan perekonomian. Guna menghindari kebangkrutan, sejumlah bank melakukan merger dengan bank lain. Terutama bagi bank yang modalnya kurang dari Rp 1 Trilyun. Karena berdasarkan teori, merger akan meningkatkan profitabilitas dan efisiensi.Tesis yang berjudul "Analisis Dampak Merger Horisontal antar Bank Terhadap Profitabilitas dan Efisiensi lndustri perbankan Indonesia" ini, bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak merger antara bank di Indonesia terhadap profitabilitas dan efisiensinya. Penelitian dilakukan pada Bank Persero, Bank Umum Swasta Nasional Devisa dan Non Devisa pada kurun waktu antara 1995 -2000. Dengan menggunakan Return on Equity untuk mengukur profitabilitas, Ordinary Least Square dan Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) untuk melihat efisiensinya diketahui bahwa merger antar bank di Indonesia tidak mempunyai pengaruh positif terhadap profitabilitas, dan tidak mempunyai pengaruh meningkatkan efisiensi industri perbankan. Sedangkan dengan menggunakan DEA, tidak ditemukan kesamaan hasil pada masing-masing bank tergantung pada perilaku bank tersebut.

239 banks in Indonesia after Pakto 1988, that had a lot of internal structural problems, such as lack of assets, capital, human resources, technology, and limited operational link that made them fragile to economic fluctuation. To prevent banks from liquidation, a number of banks merger with other banks. Particularly, banks with less capital than one trillion rupiah, since according to theory, merger will increase profitability and efficiency. Thesis that titled "The analysis of Bank Horizontal Merger Impact to Profitability and Efficiency of Indonesian Banking Industry" aimed to know how the bank merger impact on their profitability and efficiency. The object of this research were Government Bank and National Commercial Bank during 1995 - 2000. The tools of analysis that we used were Return on Equity, to count the profitability, Ordinary Least Square and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to know the efficiency impact. We found that bank merger in Indonesia didn't have positive effect to profitability, and didn't increase the banking efficiency. The result of DEA didn't find same result in each bank, depend on bank behavior

Kata Kunci : merger horisontal,merger bank,efisiensi perbankan