PENGARUH SILICA COATING PADA PLAT GIGI TIRUAN RESIN AKRILIK HEAT-CURED TERHADAP KEKERASAN PERMUKAAN DAN JUMLAH MONOMER SISA

ROSA SHARON SUHONO, Dr. drg. Endang Wahyuningtyas, M.S., Sp.Pros(K); Dr. drg. Titik Ismiyati, M.S., Sp.Pros(K)

2018 | Tesis-Spesialis | SP PROSTODONSIA

Resin akrilik merupakan bahan yang sering digunakan dalam bidang prostodonsia karena estetis yang baik, manipulasi mudah, dan biaya relatif murah. Resin akrilik memiliki kelemahan yaitu adanya monomer sisa, kurang tahan terhadap abrasi, serta mudah patah. Silica coating digunakan pada anasir gigi tiruan resin akrilik untuk meningkatkan ketahanan pemakaian gigi tiruan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh silica coating terhadap kekerasan permukaan dan jumlah monomer sisa, serta mengkaji hubungan antara jumlah monomer sisa dengan kekerasan permukaan plat gigi tiruan resin akrilik. Tiga puluh dua spesimen resin akrilik heat-cured berukuran 13x13x2 mm, dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok (n=16), kontrol dan kelompok yang diaplikasikan silica coating. Spesimen pada kelompok perlakuan di-coating menggunakan silica dengan metode dip-coating. Kekerasan permukaan diuji menggunakan Vickers Hardness Tester dan jumlah monomer sisa diuji menggunakan Gas Chromatography. Data dianalisa menggunakan Independent t-test dan dilanjutkan dengan analisa regresi linear sederhana untuk melihat hubungan antara jumlah monomer sisa dengan kekerasan permukaan plat resin akrilik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah monomer sisa lebih rendah pada kelompok silica coating dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol, dan kekerasan permukaan lebih tinggi pada kelompok silica coating dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Analisa statistik menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada jumlah monomer sisa antara kelompok silica coating dengan kelompok kontrol (p<0,05), serta terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada kekerasan permukaan antara kelompok silica coating dengan kelompok kontrol (p<0,05). Hasil analisa regresi linear sederhana menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara jumlah monomer sisa dengan kekerasan permukaan secara signifikan (p<0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah aplikasi silica coating menurunkan jumlah monomer sisa plat gigi tiruan resin akrilik dan meningkatkan kekerasan permukaan plat gigi tiruan resin akrilik, serta terdapat hubungan negatif antara jumlah monomer sisa dengan kekerasan permukaan plat gigi tiruan resin akrilik heat-cured.

Acrylic resin is the most commonly used material in prosthodontics because it has good aesthetics, easy manipulation, and relatively low cost. Acrylic resins also have limitations like residual monomers content, less resistant of abrasion, and easily fracture. Silica coating has been used on acrylic resin denture base to reduce the adhesion of C.albicans, also silica coating on acrylic resin artificial teeth can improve the denture wear resistance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of silica coating on surface hardness and residual monomer, also to investigate the correlation between surface hardness and residual monomer of acrylic resin denture base. Thirty two heat-cured acrylic resin specimens with the size of 13x13x2 mm were divided into 2 groups (n=16), control and group with application of silica coating. Specimens on silica coating group were coated with silica using the dip-coating method. Surface hardness was measured using Vickers Hardness Tester and the amount of residual monomer was measured using Gas Chromatography. The data were statistically analyzed using Independent t-test and continued with simple linear regression test to analyze the correlation between surface hardness and residual monomer of acrylic resin denture base. The result showed there was lower amount of residual monomer in silica coating group than control, and there was higher surface hardness in silica coating group than control. Statistical analysis result showed there was significant difference between the amount of residual monomer in silica coating group and control group (p<0.05), and there was significant difference between surface hardness of silica coating group and control group (p<0.05). Simple linear regression test showed that there was correlation between the amount of residual monomer and the surface hardness of acrylic resin denture base significantly (p<0.05). The conclusion of this study is silica coating decreases the amount of residual monomer of acrylic resin denture base and increases the surface hardness of acrylic resin denture base, also there is negative correlation between the amount of residual monomer and surface hardness of heat-cured acrylic resin denture base.

Kata Kunci : silica coating, kekerasan permukaan, monomer sisa, resin akrilik / silica coating, surface hardness, residual monomer, acrylic resin