Karakteristik Permukiman Islam di Kampung Airmata Kupang Nusa Tenggara Timur

SEKAR MIRAH SATRIANI, Dr. Niken Wirasanti, S.Si

2017 | Skripsi | S1 ARKEOLOGI

Kota Kupang terdapat suatu permukiman yang berada di Kota Kupang, tepatnya di Kampung Airmata. Penduduk di kampung ini mayoritas adalah beragama Islam. Letak kota ini sangat strategis karena berdekatan dengan pusat pemerintahan. Kampung Airmata diduga kampung Islam kuno yang terdapat di Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Kampung Islam ini terletak di sekitar permukiman kolonial,seperti kantor residen Belanda, Kelenteng Lay Kupang, dan Gereja Masehi Kupang. Selain terletak di sekitar permukiman kolonial, kampung Airmata juga terletak di sekitar sungai yang bernama Kali Dendeng. Metode penalaran diskriptif analitif dipilih karena penelitian ini berusaha mencari fakta-fakta atau data yang ditemukan di lapangan, kemudian dianalisis untuk menjawab karakteristik apa yang menandakan bahwa Kampung Airmata adalah Kampung Islam pertama dan satu-satunya di sekitar wilayah non muslim di Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Pendekatan ilmiah yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini adalah paradigma evolusi kebudayaan yaitu memahami perkembangan sejarah dan unsur-unsur pembentuk permukiman Islam Airmata di Kupang sejak awal mula hingga sekarang. Permukiman di Kampung Islam Airmata dapatdi dukung oleh adanya komponen-komponen yang mendukung sebagai unsur pemukiman yaitu adanya pemukiman penduduk, masjid, makam, jalan raya, gereja dan klentheng.Tata ruang Permukiman Kampung Airmata menunjukkan karakteristik yang berbeda dengan pola permukiman Islam lainnya yaitu tidak hanya istana atau keraton yang menjadi pusat permukiman melainkan Masjid Airmata yang menjadi pusat permukiman Islam Kampung Airmata.

Kupang City there is a settlement located in Kupang City, precisely inAirmata Village. Residents in this village majority are Muslims. The location of this city is very strategic because it is adjacent to the central government. Airmata Village is allegedly an ancient Islamic village located in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara. This Islamic village is located in the vicinity of colonial settlements, such as the Dutch resident office, Lay Kupang temple, and the Church of Kupang Mosque. In addition to being located in the vicinity of colonial settlements, the village of Airmata is also located around a river called Dendeng River. Analytical descriptive reasoning method was chosen because this research tried to find facts or data found in the field, then analyzed to answer what characteristic indicate that Airmata Village is the first and only Moslem Village around non-Muslim area in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara . The scientific approach used for this research is the cultural evolutionary paradigm that is to understand the historical development and the elements of the establishment of the Islamic settlement of Airmata in Kupang from the beginning until now. Settlements in Islamic Airmata Village can be supported by the existence of supporting components as residential element that is the existence of settlement of population, mosque, grave, highway, church and klentheng. Residential Airmata Village show different characteristics with other pattern of settlement of Islam that is not only palace or palace which became the center of the settlement but the Airmata Mosque which became the center of the settlement of Islam Kampung Airmata.

Kata Kunci : Kupang, Kampung Airmata, Permukiman Islam