PENGARUH PELATIHAN INFEKSI SALURAN PERNAFASAN AKUT (ISPA) TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP IBU DALAM PENCEGAHAN DAN PERAWATAN BALITA PENGIDAP ISPA DI PUSKESMAS KOTARAJA JAYAPURA PAPUA

LAMRIA SITUMEANG, dr. Widya Wasityastuti, M.Sc,.M.Med.Ed., Ph.D.; 4. Sri Hartini S.Kep,.Ns,.M.Kes,. Ph.D.

2017 | Tesis | S2 Keperawatan

Latar Belakang: Pelatihan ISPA merupakan kegiatan yang harus diikuti oleh para ibu balita. Pelatihan ISPA ini merupakan sarana guna meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu balita dalam pencegahan dan perawatan balita pengidap ISPA. Pengetahuan dan sikap ibu balita yang baik akan membuat balita pengidap ISPA dapat segera ditangani dan dilakukan perawatan dengan baik. Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh pelatihan ISPA terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap ibu balita dalam pencegahan dan perawatan balita pengidap ISPA. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan Quasi experimental design dengan pendekatan rancangan pretest-posttest control group design. Subyek penelitian sebanyak 82 ibu balita di Puskesmas Kotaraja Jayapura yang dibagi menjadi 2 (dua) kelompok masing-masing 41 orang, yaitu kelompok kontrol dan kelompok intervensi. Kelompok intervensi adalah kelompok ibu balita yang mengikuti pelatihan ISPA, sedangkan kelompok kontrol adalah kelompok ibu balita yang tidak mengikuti pelatihan ISPA. Analisis data meliputi analisis deskripsi, uji beda, dan uji korelasi, yang diproses secara statistik SPSS v23. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan hasil pretest dan posttest baik pengetahuan ISPA maupun sikap responden. Hal ini memberikan arti bahwa pelatihan ISPA berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap responden mengenai ISPA, sehingga hipotesis penelitian diterima. Terjadi peningkatan nilai median pengetahuan ISPA pada kelompok intervensi dari 30 (hasil pretest) ke 90 (hasil posttest), yaitu 200%, dan peningkatan ini sangat signifikan sebab 200% > 5%; dan ada peningkatan nilai median sikap responden dari 56 (hasil pretest) ke 86 (hasil posttest), yaitu 30%, dan peningkatan ini sangat signifikan sebab 53,6% > 5%. Kesimpulan: Pelatihan ISPA berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap responden mengenai ISPA. Semakin tinggi pengetahuan ISPA maka semakin baik sikap ibu balita dalam mencegah dan merawat anak-anak balitanya yang terkena ISPA.

Background: The training of acute respiratory infection (ARI) is an activity that must be followed by the mothers of children under five. ARI training is a means to improve the knowledge and attitude of the mothers of children under five in prevention and care of children under five with ARI. The good knowledge and good attitude of the mothers of children under five will make children under five with ARI can be handled and done care well. Research Objective: To understand the effect of ARI training on the knowledge and attitude of the mothers of children under five in prevention and care of children under five with ARI. Research Method: This study uses quasi experimental design with pretest-posttest control group design approach. The subjects of the study are 82 mothers of children under five at the Public Health Center Kotaraja Jayapura Papua; divided into 2 (two) groups of 41 people each, namely control group and intervention group. The intervention group is a group of mothers of children under five who attended ARI training, while the control group is a group of mothers of children under five who did not attend ARI training. The data analysis included description, difference, and correlation analyzes using statistical program of SPSS v23. Research Results: The test results indicate that there is difference of pretest and posttest result both knowledge of ARI and respondent attitude. This means that ARI training has a significant effect on the knowledge and attitude of respondents about ISPA, so the research hypothesis is accepted. There was an increase in the median value of ARI knowledge in the intervention group from 30 (pretest s) to 90 (posttest), it is 200%, and this increase was very significant because 200%> 5%; and there is an increase in the median value of respondents attitudes from 56 (pretest results) to 86 (posttest results), it is 30%, and this increase is very significant because 53.6%> 5%. Conclusion: ARI training has a significant effect on knowledge and attitude of the mothers of children under five about ISPA. Higher knowledge of ARI is better attitude of the mothers of children under five in preventing and treating the children with ARI.

Kata Kunci : pelatihan ISPA, pengetahuan ISPA, sikap ibu balita, ARI training, knowledge of ARI, attitude of the mothers of children under five