KAJIAN ALTERNATIF POHON BUAH UNTUK PENGHIJAUAN PERMUKIMAN PERKOTAAN DI KAWASAN KAMPUNG PILAHAN, KELURAHAN REJOWINANGUN, KECAMATAN KOTAGEDE, YOGYAKARTA

CUT ANNISA NABILA, Siti Nurul Rofiqo Irwan, S.P., M.Agr., Ph.D.; Ir. Budiastuti Kurniasih, M.Sc., Ph.D.

2017 | Skripsi | S1 AGRONOMI

Pengembangan lanskap produktif perkotaan mencakup penghijauan jalan perkotaan dengan pohon buah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui alternatif pohon buah untuk penghijauan permukiman perkotaan berdasarkan persyaratan kesesuaian lahan dan karakteristik pohon penghijauan, mengetahui pendapat masyarakat mengenai penghijauan dengan pohon buah, serta mengetahui tingkat keindahan alternatif pohon buah. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan survei menggunakan metode stratified purposive sampling di Kelurahan Rejowinangun Yogyakarta. Data dianalisis berdasarkan kesesuaian lahan, karakteristik pohon penghijauan jalan, pendapat masyarakat terhadap penghijauan pohon buah, dan pendugaan tingkat keindahan dengan metode Scenic Beauty Estimation (SBE). Berdasarkan hasil analisis, alternatif pohon buah untuk penghijauan permukiman perkotaan yaitu belimbing buah (Averrhoa carambola), belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi), bisbul (Diospyros philippensis), jambu biji (Psidium guajava L), kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol), kersen (Muntingia calabura), manggis (Garcinia mangostana), serta rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) dapat ditanami di sekitar jalan sekunder. Belimbing buah (Averrhoa carambola), belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi), bisbul (Diospyros philippensis), gandaria (Bovea macrophylla), jambu air (Eugenia aquea), jambu biji (Psidium guajava L), jambu dersono (Syzygium malaccense), kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol), kersen (Muntingia calabura), manggis (Garcinia mangostana), serta rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) dapat ditanami di sekitar jalan tersier serta jalan kuarter. Jalan sekunder membutuhkan jenis pohon berkemampuan mereduksi polutan lebih tinggi dibandingkan jalan tersier dan kuarter, karena merupakan akses kendaraan menuju SD, SMP, serta kantor Kelurahan. Diperlukan adanya pembuatan desain jalur penanaman pohon buah di jalan permukiman perkotaan, serta pengaturan teknis penanaman. Sebagian besar masyarakat Rejowinangun setuju terhadap penanaman pohon buah sebagian alternatif pohon penghijauan di permukiman Rejowinangun. Pengetahuan masyarakat Rejowinangun terhadap buah lokal Yogyakarta di sekitar jalan sekunder sebesar 11,11%, jalan tersier sebesar 21,48%, dan jalan kuarter sebesar 20%. Tingkat keindahan alternatif pohon buah untuk penghijauan jalan tertinggi yaitu jambu air (67,61), kepel (67,22), dan jambu dersono (61,13).

Development of urban productive landscape covers planting fruit trees for urban street greneery. The research aims : to reveal alternative of fruit trees for street greenery of urban settlement based on land sustainabiility and character of greneery trees, to recognise the public opinion on the fruit trees for street greenery of urban settlement, and to measure the aesthetics level of the fruit trees. The research was conducted by survey using stratified purposive sampling method in Rejowinangun Kotagede Yogyakarta city. Data was analysed based on land suitability, characteristics of greenery trees in government rules, public opinion on the greening of fruit trees, and aethetics estimation with Scenic Beauty Estimation (SBE). The results were alternative fruit trees for street greenery of urban settlement are star fruit tree, bilimbi tree, bisbul tree, guava tree, kepel tree, kersen tree, mangosteen tree and rambutan tree at secondary road. Star fruit tree, bilimbi tree, bisbul tree, gandaria tree, water apple tree, guava tree, guava var. dersono tree, kepel tree, kersen tree, mangosteen tree and rambutan tree at tertier and quarter roads. Tree greenery at secondary roads requires tree species that capable of reducing pollutants higher than tree greenery at tertiary and quarter roads. It is because of the road as a vehicle access to elementary and junior high school, and as a place of local government office. There is a need for the landscape design on street greenery of urban settlement by planting fruit trees, and technical arrangement for planting. Public opinion on fruit trees for street greenery in Rejowinangun were influenced by community knowledge of Yogyakarta local fruit. The opinion covered 11.11%, 21.48%, and 20% from people at secondary road, tertier road and the quarter road. Level of aesthetics of several fruit trees for street greenery were guava tree (67,61), kepel tree (67,22), and guava var. dersono tree (61,13).

Kata Kunci : penghijauan kota, permukiman perkotaan, Scenic Beauty Estimate (SBE), pohon buah, lanskap produktif