Pelestarian Permukiman Tradisional di Desa Tumori, Kecamatan Gunungsitoli Barat, Kota Gunungsitoli, Provinsi Sumatera Utara

IKA HEPPY PUTRI LASE, Prof. Dr. Su Ritohardoyo, M.A.

2017 | Skripsi | S1 PEMBANGUNAN WILAYAH

INTISARI Permukiman tradisional merupakan cagar budaya yang perlu dilestarikan. Permukiman tradisional suku Nias dapat ditemukan di Desa Tumori. Berbagai permasalahan terkait permukiman tradisional menyebabkan jumlahnya terus berkurang. Tujuan penelitian ini yakni 1) mengidentifikasi pola permukiman Desa Tumori dan faktor pembentuknya, 2) mengidentifikasi pemanfaatan ruang permukiman, 3) menganalisis perubahan dan dampaknya, 4) menganalisis upaya-upaya pelestarian permukiman tradisional di Desa Tumori. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Tumori dengan menggunakan pendekatan campuran. Pengumpulan data secara observasi, wawancara terstruktur, wawancara mendalam, serta pengumpulan data sekunder. Populasi penelitian adalah rumah tangga dengan jumlah sampel 50 KK yang diambil secara acak dari berbagai tingkat pendidikan, pekerjaan, usia, dan jenis rumah. Pola permukiman di Desa Tumori adalah mengelompok secara signifikan di bagian utara karena pengaruh topografi, hubungan kekerabatan, jumlah penduduk, sejarah permukiman, dan ketersediaan infrastruktur. Gereja memiliki kedudukan tertinggi dalam pemanfaatan ruang. Perkembangan zaman memicu perubahan nilai-nilai budaya dan kebiasaan. Peran masyarakat dalam upaya pelestarian belum ada. Upaya pelestarian dapat berjalan jika ada peningkatan ekonomi masyarakat.

Traditional settlements are cultural heritage have to preserved. Traditional settlements of the Nias tribe there in Tumori Village. Various problems cause reduced traditional settlements. This study aims to (1) identify the settlement pattern of Tumori Village and that influencing factors, (2) identifies the use settlements space, (3) analyze the change and their impacts, (4) analyze the efforts to conserve traditional settlements in Tumori Village. The study conducted in Tumori Village uses a mixed approach. Data collection methods used was the field observation, structured interview, in-depth interview, and secondary data collection. Research population was households with a sample of 50 households taken randomly from different levels of education, occupation, age, and type of home. The settlement pattern in Tumori Village clustered in the north of the village affected by topography condition, kinship, population, settlement history, and availability of infrastructure. The church occupies the highest place in space use. The development of the times, resulted in changes in cultural values and habits. The role of society in conservation efforts does not yet exist. Conservation efforts can work if there is an increase in the economy of the community.

Kata Kunci : permukiman tradisional, pola permukiman, pemanfaatan ruang, perubahan, pelestarian