LAPORAN AKHIR STUDI KASUS LONGITUDINAL ASMA EPISODIK SERING PASCA RAWAT PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

RIONA SARI, dr. Rina Triasih, PhD, SpAK, dr. Cahya Dewi Satria, M.Kes, SpA

2017 | Tesis-Spesialis | SP ILMU KESEHATAN ANAK

Asma merupakan penyakit kronik sistem respirasi yang sering dijumpai. Prevalensi asma bervariasi, sekitar 1-18% dari populasi tiap negara. Riwayat perawatan pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) dan penggunaan ventilator mekanik saat terjadi serangan asma, memiliki risiko lebih tinggi risiko rawat inap ulang hingga terjadi gagal napas dan kematian. Pemantauan yang ketat dalam mengenali serangan asma yang mengancam nyawa sejak dini, tatalaksana yang tepat saat serangan asma, compliance yang baik terhadap obat-obatan pengendali dapat menurunkan morbiditas dan mortalitas serta meningkatkan kualitas hidup. Pada laporan kasus ini, seorang anak perempuan berusia 3 thun 2 bulan, telah terdiagnosis asma episodik sering sejak usia 2 tahun. Pasien menjalani perawatan PICU dan menggunakan ventilator mekanik akibat mengalami asma serangan berat hingga terjadi gagal napas. Setelah 16 hari perawatan, kondisi pasien stabil dan menjalani rawat jalan, dengan melanjutkan inhalasi kortikosteroid fluticasone propionate sebagai obat pengendali.

Asthma is a common chronic disorder of the respiratory system. The prevalence of asthma varies, about 1-18% of the population of each country. History of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission and the use of mechanical ventilators during an asthma attack, had a higher risk of re-hospitalization, respiratory failure and death. Strict monitoring in recognizing early life-threatening asthma attacks, proper management of asthma attacks, good compliance with control drugs can reduce morbidity and mortality and improve quality of life. We reported a 3 years 2 months old girl, whohas been diagnosed with frequent episodic asthma since 2 years old. The patient was hospitalized in PICU ward and intubated with mechanical ventilator due to severe attack of asthma and respiratory failure. After 16 day hospitalization, the patient's condition is stable and underwent outpatient treatment, with continued inhalation of fluticasone propionate corticosteroid as controller theraphy.

Kata Kunci : frequent episodic asthma, child, pediatric intensive care unit