EVALUASI PENYELENGGARAAN ANGKUTAN UMUM DI KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL

GUNARDA, Dr. Eng. Imam Muthohar, ST., MT.

2017 | Tesis | S2 Sistem dan Teknik Transportasi

Pengguna angkutan umum di Kabupaten Gunungkidul semakin berkurang karena masyaralat cenderung memilih kendaraan pribadi dalam melakukan perjalanan. Kewajiban penyelenggaraan angkutan umum diatur oleh Pemerintah Pusat dengan Undang-Undang dan Peraturan Pemerintah. Standar pelayanan minimal angkutan orang meliputi: keamanan, keselamatan, kenyamanan, keterjangkauan, kesetaraan, dan keteraturan diatur dalam Pereturan Menteri Perhubungan Nomor PM 98 Tahun 2013 dan Nomor PM 29 Tahun 2015. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi implementasi kebjakan dan mengetahui persepsi masyarakat guna merumuskan alternatif kebijakan yang dapat diterapkan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah review kebijakan angkutan umum Pemerintah Daerah, analisis dengan kualitatif deskriptif; melakukan obsevasi dan evaluasi terhadap angkutan perdesaan mengacu Standar Pelayanan Minimal Menteri Perhubungan; observasi dan kuesioner terhadap pengguna angkutan umum, pengguna kendaraan pribadi dan operator, dianalisis dengan statistik deskriptif; wawancara mendalam terhadap pemangku kebijakan dianalisis dengan metode analisis Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, dan Threats (SWOT) guna mendapatnya alternatif strategi kebijakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyelenggaraan angkutan umum di Kabupaten Gunungkidul belum sesuaik dengan peraturan perundang-undangan Pemerintah Pusat. Angkutan Perdesaan belum memenuhi Standar Pelayanan Minimal, aspek keamanan terpenuhi sebesar 20%, keselamatan 41,12%, kenyamanan 54,5%, keterjangkauan 70,625%, kesetaraan 86,25%, serta keteraturan 11,67%. Ketidaknyamanan dan tidak adanya kepastian waktu menjadi faktor penyebab utama masyarakat lebih memilih kendaraan pribadi. Sementara itu hasil analisis SWOT didapat 10 strategi kebijakan yang dapat diterapkan dalam mewujudkan angkutan umum yang berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Gunungkidul

The public transportation users in Kabupaten Gunungkidul decrease since the people tend to choose private vehicles to travel. The obligations of public transportation management are regulated by the central government. The minimum service standards of passenger carriers include safety, security, comfort, affordability, equality, and regularity that are regulated in the Regulation of the Ministry of Transportation. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of policies and to know the public perception to formulate policy alternatives that can be applied. The research methods used were the review of public transportation of the local government; qualitative and quantitative analysis methods; observation and evaluation towards rural transportation referring to the Minimum Service Standards of the Minister of Transportation; observation and questionnaires towards the public transportation users, private vehicle users, and operators analyzed by the descriptive statistic methods; and thorough interviews towards the stakeholders analyzed by the SWOT (Strenghths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis methods to gain policy strategy alternatives. The research results show that public transportation management in Kabupaten Gunungkidul has not been customized to the regulation of the central government. The rural transportation has not suited the Minimum Service Standards. The security aspect has been fulfilled with the percentage of 20%, safety 41.12%, comfort 54.5%, affordability 70.625%, equality 86.25%, and regularity 11.6%. Discomfort and that there is no certainty in time are the main factors causing the fact of why people tend to choose private vehicles. Moreover, the SWOT analysis result shows there are ten strategies that can be implemented in realizing continuous public transportation in Kabupaten Gunungkidul.

Kata Kunci : angkutan umum, standar pelayanan minimal, kebijakan, berkelanjutan