Comparison Between the European Union�s Investment Court System and the World Trade Organization�s Dispute Settlement System in the Face of the Criticisms Against the Investor-State Arbitration

RIZKI KARIM, Professor M. Hawin, S.H., LL.M., Ph.D.

2017 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU HUKUM

Meningkatnya kritikan terhadap sistem penyelesaian sengketa antara investor asing dan Negara menggunakan modul arbitrase telah mendorong Uni Eropa untuk menciptakan sistem pengadilan khusus sengketa investasi internasional. Kononnya, sistem pengadilan ini akan mengikuti modul sistem penyelesaian sengketa milik WTO. Akan hal tersebut, penelitian ini akan mencari tahu apakah sistem penyelesaian sengketa milik WTO adalah model yang tepat untuk diikuti oleh Uni Eropa, mengingat bahwa kedua sistem terbilang berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode perbandingan-doktrinal, yang maka dari itu akan kebanyakannya mengandalkan studi literatur. Karena hal tersebut, penelitian ini bisa dibilang normatif dalam pendekatannya. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa walaupun penyelesaian sengketa milik WTO mungkin adalah model yang tepat untuk diikuti, Uni Eropa masih harus melakukan pertimbangan lebih lanjut agar pengadilan khusus sengketa investasi internasional ini benar-benar dapat menghilangkan kritik-kritik yang sebelumnya ditujukan ke sistem penyelesaian sengketa antara investor asing dan Negara menggunakan modul arbitrase internasional. Kata kunci: Penyelesaian Sengketa, WTO, Hukum Penanaman Modal Asing

The increasing criticisms against the use of investor-State arbitration in the investor-State dispute settlement [ISDS] regime have encouraged States around the world to consider reformations on the said regime. The European Union, perhaps the most ambitious, has initiated the plan to establish a new system called the Investment Court System [ICS]. Purportedly, the ICS is being modeled on the dispute settlement system under the World Trade Organization [WTO]. This research is interested in finding the reason why is the ICS is being modeled after the WTO�s dispute settlement system, bearing in mind the two systems principally deal with different subject matters. This research utilizes a doctrinal-comparative legal research format, thus primarily relying on secondary data such as literature studies. For that, in essence, this research is normative in terms of its approach. The finding of this research would show that while the WTO�s dispute settlement system is a reasonable model for the ICS to follow, further considerations must be taken by the EU in ensuring that no more issues prevalent in the investor-State arbitration � the very system the ICS intends to replace � would resurface. Moreover, as it is, the ICS runs the risk of creating new predicaments and sadly, these would be in the expense of the investors.

Kata Kunci : International Investment Law, Investor-State Dispute Settlement, and World Trade Organization Dispute Settlement System