PENGARUH APLIKASI TOPIKAL KRIM LIDAH BUAYA15% TERHADAP PENYEMBUHAN LUKA PASCA PENCABUTAN GIGI DESIDUI ANTERIOR ANAK UMUR 7-11 TAHUN (Kajian pencabutan gigi persistensi pasien di klinik KGA RSGM FKG UGM)

ALFIYAH PUJIYATI, drg. Sri Kuswandari MS., SpKGA(K), Ph.D., ; 4. drg. Siti Bale Sri Rantinah, SU., SpKGA(K)

2017 | Tesis-Spesialis | SP ILMU KESEHATAN GIGI ANAK

Proses penyembuhan luka pasca pencabutan gigi meliputi tiga tahap, yaitu inflamasi, proliferasi dan maturasi yang saling berkaitan antara satu tahap dengan tahap yang lainnya. Proses tersebut bisa dipercepat dengan pemberian obat topikal. Aloe vera telah digunakan untuk pengobatan luka sejak zaman dahulu. Efek farmakologisnya sebagai anti-inflamasi, anti-artritis, antibakteri, dan antifungal, hipoglikemik. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi topikal krim lidah buaya 15% terhadap penyembuhan luka pasca pencabutan gigi desidui anterior. Subyek penelitian gigi desidui anterior persistensi diperoleh dari pasien anak di bagian kedokteran gigi anak di Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Prof Soedomo yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Soket pasca pencabutan gigi desidui diolesi dengan krim aloe vera 15% dua kali sehari, pada pagi hari dan malam sebelum tidur, selama tiga hari berturut-turut ( 7 subyek); pada kelompok kontrol (7subyek) soket pasca pencabutan diberi kapas dengan povidone iodine 10% selama 30 menit. Pengamatan dilakukan pada hari ke 3, 5, 7 dan 10 setelah hari encanbutan gigi ( H+3, H+5, H+7 dan H+10) dengan menghitung luas luka relatif terhadap luka awal (%) dari foto digital terstandar menggunakan Program Google Sketch up versi 2015, serta menghitung indeks maturasi sel epitel dari swab luka dengan pengecatan Papinocolou. Data dianalisis dengan uji Mann-Whitney pada tingkat signifikansi 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada H+3 kelompok perlakuan sudah terjadi penurunan luas luka sebesar 47% sedang kelompok kontrol hanya 25%. Pada H+10 luas luka kelompok perlakuan 5,26% sedang kelompok kontrol masih 27,69%. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan luas luka serta jumlah sel superfisial (p<0,05) antara kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol. Kesimpulan bahwa lidah buaya 15% dapat mempercepat penyembuhan luka.

The process of post extraction wound healing included three phases, namely inflammation, proliferation and maturation wich are overlapped between one phase, to the next phase. The process may be accelerated by topikal medications. Aloe vera has been used for wound medication since long time ago. It has pharmacological effect as anti-inflammatory, antiarthrites, anti bacterial and anti fungal, hypoglycemic.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 15% aloe vera cream to the post deciduous tooth extraction wound healing. The subjects were persistence anterior deciduous teeth from the patients of Pediatric Dental Clinic, Prof Soedomo dental hospital which fullfilled inclusion criteria. After tooth extraction the sockets were treated by topically application with the 15% of Aloe Vera Cream and repeated twice a day, at morning and night before sleep, for the 3 following day (7 subjects); while the control group (7 subjects). Its sockets were treated by biting cotton wool with Glycerin-Iodium Solution for 30 minutes. The wound healing was evaluted at the 3,5, 7 and 10 following the tooth extraction day (H+3, H+5, H+7, and H+10) by measuring the wide area of the wound from with photo standard using Google 3D sketch-up version 2015, and by counting the index maturation of the the ephithelial cells from the smear preparation of the wound which had been treated by Papanicolaou stain. The data was statistical analyzed by Kruskal-Walls and Mann-Whitney at 5% significant level. The result showed that at H+3 the wound area had been decreased 47%, while the control group only 25%. At H+10 the mean of wound area of the Aloe vera group was 5,26%, as compared the control group was still 27,69% left. The mean counts of superficial cells among the groups, where the aloe vera was higher than the control group. It may be concluded that the 15% of aloe vera cream have capability to accelerate post tooth extraction wound healing.

Kata Kunci : gigi desidui persistensi, penyembuhan luka, krim lidah buaya, jumlah dari jenis sel epitel