Peran WTO dalam Mendorong Liberalisasi Agrikultur pada Sektor Hortikultura Jepang

Muthi Asih, Samsu Rizal Panggabean

2016 | Skripsi | Ilmu Hubungan Internasional

ABSTRACT Japan is one country in the world that has government intervention in the agricultural sector, including the horticulture sector. The support and government control are varied. However, the turning point of protectionism can be traced since the early 1980s. Japan's commitment is particularly noticeable with the signing of the Protocol of Accession membership of the World Trade Organization (WTO) on January 1, 1995. A variety of Japanese horticulture policy began to change, such as the reform of agricultural law share in Japan. WTO's presence also gives effect to Japan to promote the principle of nondiscrimination and most favored nation, such as the apple fair market opening in the United States in 2005. It is interesting to examine the role of the WTO in the process of reform policies horticulture in Japan became more liberal. Firstly, the WTO ruled the agriculture through the Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) and Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Agreement to prevent trade barriers. Secondly, when compared with many other areas of agricultural products, horticultural sector is one significant when talking about the liberalization of agriculture in Japan. Both of these later became a compelling reason to examine the role of international institutions in the liberalization of agriculture. In this thesis, the writing would be preceded by an introduction that describes the background, questions, and how to answer that question. Then proceed to discuss the history of the protection of the horticultural sector in Japan until the entry of Japan in WTO. Further discussion on the process of liberalization of Japanese horticulture through the mechanisms and rules in the WTO. Finally, this thesis would attempt to answer the question that has been posed at the beginning.

Kata Kunci : Leberalisasi - Jepang