Perlindungan Sosial dan Akses Pendidikan Dasar :(Studi kasus Pelaksanaan Program Biaya Operasional Pendidikan di Kelurahan Petukangan Selatan, Pesanggrahan Jakarta Selatan)

Gani Rahardjo, Mulyadi

2015 | Skripsi | Pembangunan Sosial dan Kesejahteraan (dh. Ilmu Sosiatri)

ABSTRACT The Education Operational Cost (BOP, Biaya Operasional Pendidikan) is a social protection program which initiated by Jakarta Government as a response to the limit of central government program, it is called School Operational Assistance (BOS, Bantuan Operasional Sekolah). Jakarta Government’s had held this program since 2007 for government’s school in Elementary School (SD, Sekolah Dasar) and Junior High School (SMP, Sekolah Menengah Pertama). In the middle of 2012, the government of Jakarta expanded this coverage until the senior high school level both state and private school, so that they had the universal characteristics. The aim of this research is to observe the role of the government through BOP program for giving the educational access to poor households in DKI Jakarta. The theory used in this research is the Theory of Poverty, Accessibility of Social Services, and Social Protection. Those theories are used for framing the research data which described the role of government through BOP program to create the educational access for poor household. This research is based on the qualitative method. It can give the deep overview about the implementation of BOP to the educational access of poor households. The instrument of this research is in-depth interview, observation, and data analysis. Besides, this research uses the case study as an approach because BOP has the wider coverage from elementary school until senior high school which the tuition is covered by the government. Moreover, this program has also provided funding to private schools for 1,5 years. The location of this research is in a suburb of Jakarta in South Petukangan, the South Jakarta city. This research shows that BOP program has an effect for increasing the educational access. Furthermore, the poor households have an opportunity to access an education because of this program. However, this program has not been able to increase the education purchasing power of poor households. It is caused by the economic condition that shows the income and expenditure of daily needs are larger than the purchasing power of education itself, so that the purchasing power of their education cannot be increased. The BOP program has not able to ensure the continuity of poor households education. Those problems are caused by the selection of getting the BOP program in the state school, so that the poor households are not guaranteed to get a free educational program for continuing their education. Because of the uniformity of the BOP program, the school development are limited due to the needs of eachschool are vary, so that there are some school’s activities are hampered. Keywords : Social Protection, BOP Program, Poor Households, Educational Access

Kata Kunci : Pendidikan