Transformasi Pola Hubungan Sipil-Militer Cina pada Masa Pemerintahan Deng Xiaoping- Hu Jintao

Treviliana Eka Putri, Randy Wirasta Nandyatama

2015 | Skripsi | Ilmu Hubungan Internasional

Abstract China is a communist country with dominant-party system or one-party dominant system. Communist Party of China (CPC) is the only party who is in power and rules every aspects of the government in China, including the military. Since the establishment of People’s Republic of China in 1949, there have been long traditions of close relationship between the government (civilian) and the military. Unlike civil-military relations in most countries, China’s civil-military relations has been focused on the relationship between the party, which is Communist Party of China, and the military, that is represent by the People’s Liberation Army (PLA). The nature of the relationship coming from the long history background between the two, that is, the significant contribution of the PLA as the military in the establishment of People’s Republic of China which marks the victory of CPC over Kuomintang (Nationalist party) in the Chinese civil war. This paper will discuss about the dynamics and changes in China’s civil military relations during President Deng Xiaoping until President Hu Jintao era. Deng Xiaoping as China’s leader after Mao deaths is seen as the first leader who brings modernization in Chinese society and government, including in the military aspects. Deng formulated a series of important policies on Chinese Modernization. In theory, modernization is seen as a factor that could also drive professionalization in the military aspects, which, in turn, affecting the civil-military relations in the country. Therefore, this thesis will begin by assessing the impact of such policies on the civilmilitary relations during Deng era. Then, it will discuss and explain more about the civil-military relations’ transformation up to the most recent period, which is the Hu Jintao presidency. Keywords: People’s Liberation Army, Communist Party China, Civil Military Relations, Professionalization, Modernization.

Kata Kunci : Militer - Cina