Analisis Eskalasi Konflik dan Peran Thai-Cambodian Joint Boundary Commission dalam Proses Resolusi Konflik Perbatasan Vihear

Ihwan Muhammadi Hidayat, Samsu Rizal Panggabean

2015 | Skripsi | Ilmu Hubungan Internasional

ABSTRACT The Preah Vihear dispute occurred for the first time on the early 20th century. It was caused mainly by the misinterpretation of the 1908 Map which created by the results of 1904 and 1907 Franco-Siamese Treaties. This case was compounded by Thailand negligence in the subsequent years. Thailand then reclaimed their territory in French Indochina, including the Preah Vihear area after French Protectorate left Cambodia by the end of 1953. After the failure of negotiation efforts between 1954- 1958, Cambodian Government filled the case to the International Court of Justice in 1959 and in the ICJ Judgment 1962. As a result, Preah Vihear was recognized as a part of Cambodia. Moreover, all of the Thailand military activity in the area had to be withdrawn and all properties taken or moved from Preah Vihear Temple had to be returned to Cambodia. However, Thailand Government actually did not fully accept the ICJ result. Thus, the conflict escalation began in October 2008, after Cambodia submission for Preah Vihear listed on World Heritage Sites was accepted by UNESCO. Thai-Cambodian Joint Boundary Commission was a bilateral mediation mechanism that chosen and used by the Thailand and Cambodia’s government to solve Preah Vihear dispute. This bilateral mediation was a product of Memorandum of Understanding 2000 between the Kingdom of Thailand and the Kingdom of Cambodia. One of the most significant purpose for this establishment was to create an “orthophoto map” legitimated and accepted by both countries. Therefore, this thesis is aimed to analyze the core of the conflict, escalation and conflict model happened, the role of TC-JBC, and how problem solving theory was used by its integrative solutions towards the case. Keywords: Preah Vihear, Cambodia, Thailand, Joint Boundary Commission, conflict escalation

Kata Kunci : Resolusi Konflik