Perbandingan Peran Pemerintahan dalam Transportasi Publik di Malaysia dan Indonesia

Yohanes Oktama Ardito, Budi Winarno

2015 | Skripsi | Ilmu Hubungan Internasional

ABSTRACT Public transportation comprises modes of transportation in which one does not use their personal vehicle. Examples of public transportation are bus and railroad transportation – but also included are flight, ferry, taxi, stc. Rail transportation is one of many types of public transportation currently available in many countries. Trains used in rail transportation are powered by kinetic energy propelling or pulling one or multiple cars at a time, which cars move or are to move on railways. This mode of transportation holds multiple comparative advantages: it does not need a great amount of land and energy, produces little polution, is suited for mass-transportation and is quite adaptive to technological changes. In age of cut-throat competition, it is hoped that benefits provided by rail transportation can be enjoyed on a national scale, in order to create a competitive advantage for domestic products and services in the global market. Indonesian rail transportation is managed by PT Kereta Api Indonesia (KAI), a government-owned company. Indonesian government plays a great role in Indonesian rail industry through its Dirjen Perkeretaapian (Directorate-General of Rail Transportation), exemplified in its financing construction of new railtracks or double-lane railtracks, buying new locomotives, buying new economy class train cars (K3) and subsidizing economy class passenger fees through PSO (Public Service Operation). Malaysian rail transportation is managed by KTMB (Kereta Tanah Melayu Berhad), which, like its Indonesian counterpart, is government-owned. However, the running of Malaysian rail transportation is carried out by several departments, namely the Ministry of Transport (Kementrian Pengangkutan Malaysia), the Railway Assets Corporation (Perbadanan Aset Keretapi) and the Land Public Transport Commission (Suruhanjaya Pengangkutan Awam Darat), each of whom assume different responsibilities. Keywords: rail transportation, public policy, government, law, political system, Indonesia, Malaysia.

Kata Kunci : Sistem Transportasi - Malaysia - Indonesia