Sekuritisasi Isyu Energi Dalam Hubungan Antara Uni Eropa Dan Rusia Periode Waktu 2000-2010

Yunizar Adiputera, Budi Winarno

2011 | Skripsi | Politik dan Pemerintahan (dh. Ilmu Pemerintahan)

The energy relationship between European countries and Russia is marked by the situation of interdependene, in which European countries import most of their energy needs from Russia and Russia, on the other hand, gains most of its energy exports income from European countries. However, both parties exercise different approaches regarding their energy policy. European countries, through the institution of European Union, employ a market-driven mechanism of energy policy and expect Russia’s reciprocity for that matter. Russia, in turn, still put a great influenc of the state on energy matters. This different approach on energy policy creates a clash between both actors and changes the way both actors view their energy security. Consequently, this has led to securitization of energy, where the issue is now framed in the discourse of threat and survival. This paper uses the theory of securitization to examine the process of engagement by European Commission to Russia as well as to member states. Through analyzing official EU documents, this paper identifies speech acts, in which securitizing actors tries to portray Russia’s behaviour in energy sector (lack of investment, unstable price and political interest through monoploy) as an existential threat to European societies. In the end, European Union manages to securitize the issue, which is marked by the transfer of greater authority in energy policy to community level. Keywords: Securitization, energy security, EU-Russia energy relations.

Kata Kunci : hungan internasional