GERAKAN POLITIK PADA KELOMPOK ETHNOPOLOTICAL di Thailand Utara dan di Thailand Selatan

ALDILLA DHIKA VELARASI, Riza Noer Arfani

2010 | Skripsi | Ilmu Hubungan Internasional

This thesis discusses about the relation between the state and the minority population. The concern of the thesis is the political action of ethnopolitical in North Thailand and South Thailand in late 1990s until late 2000s. Both of the group had been facing crisis period with the state, which violently appeared in late 1950s until 1980 due the assimilation policy of Thailand State depriving of minority rights of appreciation of their identity. During the government ofPremTinsulanonda Prime Minister, in 1980 until late 1980s, the relation between the minority and the state was in stable period. PremTinsulanonda recognized that minorities have the same right in education and politic, he also gave amnesty for activist in communist or separatist movement. The tension was periodically increases when the political actions were repeated in late 1980s. This situation happens even though Thailand was entering re-democration era in early 1990s. Re-democration era shouldhavebecomethe era where the state guarantees the same right for their citizen. However, because the state still did the assimilation policy, the political actions that insistfor otonomy of their area and identity happened again. The interesting question is why the political action in North Thailand didnot extend in crisiswhile the open conflict happened again, like what it is happening in South Thailand until now. The analysiswasbegan with comparing the chance of open conflict that could happen to political action from the externaland the internal factors of both groups, North Thailand and South Thailand. The analysisit self wasbased on the concept from Gurr, Harff and Crawford. The result shows that the differences laid on the internal factor of each group, which includes history, strength of group identity, and degree of ethnic group cohesion. It shows that the chance for the extent of open conflict is higher in South Thailand than it is in North Thailand. The political entrepreneurs in South Thailand have better ability to strengthen the group cohesion and the issue of otonomyin its group than it is in North Thailand. The strength of political entrepreneurs in creating group cohesion is proven from the similarity of social order pattern in every political action in South Thailand.Even though the political actions are presented in different methods, the issues that they brought are the same and they also having the same target of attacking assimilation symbols such as state intitutions (government and military), Monks, and education institutions. Keyword: Thailand, Minority, Ethnopolitical, Violent, Political Entrepreneur

Kata Kunci : Politik Thailand