Peran IGAD dalam Penyelesaian Konflik Sudan Selatan

Saptoto Adi Pamungkas, Samsu Rizal Panggabean

2010 | Skripsi | Ilmu Hubungan Internasional

Conflict between Sudan government and rebel for about 21 years can be solved through negotiation with IGAD mediation. IGAD is an Africa regional organization that can meet both parties and make both agree in a negotiation known as Comprehensive Peace Agreement in 2002 in Machakos Kenya. This research discussed “Why did IGAD efforts as mediator between Sudan government and SPLA in the South Sudan conflict succeed?” and “What was mediation technique used by IGAD when taking both parties agreed on Comprehensive Peace Agreement?” Success of IGAD in taking both parties in CPA is refusal of central government against foreign intervention in the Sudan conflict issue. History of African conflict also influenced the IGAD success where IGAD often involved in conflict resolution in other African countries, either internal conflict or conflict with other countries. IGAD success is support from IGAD partner countries that promise post conflict development when the peace is realized in Sudan. IGAD used three mediation techniques in resolving the conflict. The mediation techniques are communication, formulation and manipulation. IGAD used communication technique by combining perception and solving dispute between rebels fist, before using formulation technique by holding negotiation rounds to solve the conflict and negotiation agenda contained power distribution, autonomy, Islamic law that is not enacted in South Sudan and referendum for South Sudan. IGAD friend/IPF (IGAD partner forum) used manipulation technique by pressing both parties to immediately conclude the negotiation or the resolution would be involve wider international forum Keywords: Mediation, Communication, Formulation, Manipulation

Kata Kunci : Konflik Sudan