Analisis Pengaruh Lobi AIPAC Terhadap Kebijakan Amerika Serikat Menginvasi Irak Pada Tahun 2003

BUSYAIRI, Muhammad, Muhammad Busyairi

2007 | Skripsi | Ilmu Hubungan Internasional

The main objective of this study is to analyze the influences of AIPAC`s lobbying on U.S.`s decision to invade Irak in 2003. The American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) is a special interest group that lobbies the United States Government in favor of maintaining a close US-Israel relationship in order to strengthen the Zionist position in the Middle-East. It is a mass-membership organization including both Jews and non-Jews. Some of the foremost AIPAC`s lobbyists are Paul Wolfowitz, Richard Perle, Martin Indyk, David Frum, Mel Sembler, Douglas Feith, David Wurmser. The Lobby also includes prominent Christian evangelicals like Gary Bauer, Jerry Falwell, Ralph Reed, and Pat Robertson, as well as Dick Armey and Tom DeLay, former majority leaders in the House of Representatives. The Lobby pursues two broad strategies to promote U.S. support for Israel. First, it wields significant influence in Washington, pressuring both Congress and the Executive branch to support Israel down the line. Second, the Lobby strives to ensure that public discourse about Israel portrays it in a positive light, by repeating myths about Israel and its founding. The results of this study is that there were AIPAC`s lobbying`s influences on the policy of U.S. to invade Iraq in March 2003. At least there were four strategies that AIPAC did. First, influencing Executive brance. Lewis Libby, Paul Wolfowitz, Bernard Lewis, tried to persuade and convince the President and Vice-President to favor war in Iraq. Second, Influencing Congress. AIPAC's efforts were crucial in gaining Congressional approval for President George W. Bush's war plans. In Iraq War, both the Senat and The House of Representative absolutely supported President Bush`s war plans. About 75% of the senators and Representatives supported President Bush`s war plans. Third, publishing open letters. On September 20, nine days after 9/11 attacks, the lobby published an open letter telling that even if evidence does not link Iraq directly to the attack, there must be efforts to remove Saddam Hussein from power in Iraq . The letter also reminded Bush that Israel has been and remains America’s staunchest ally against international terrorism. Fourth, Campaign coalition. AIPAC and some pro-Israel organisations like WINEP, JINSA, AAJC, made campaign to urge Bush Administration to invade Iraq.

Kata Kunci : Invasi Irak; Kebijakan Luar Negeri