Penolakan Indonesia Menandatangani Arms Trade Treaty(ATT) Tahun 2013

Junior Perdana Sande , Samsu Rizal Panggabean

2016 | Tesis | Ilmu Hubungan Internasional

ABSTRACT Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) was successfully adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on April 2, 2013 by majority voting. ATT is the first international treaty that sets global standards to regulate trade in conventional arms, ammunition, parts and components which are expected to provide a broader approach in preventing violence, armed conflict, and violations of human rights and international humanitarian law. Indonesia abstained in the final voting of the ATT conference. This option is quite surprising considering that Indonesia is one of the state that participate actively and give full support for the ATT formation. This research seeks to provide an analysis of the Indonesian Government decision in the process of ATT negotiating and the factors that influence the Indonesian Government not to sign the ATT. Through analysis using foreign policy decision making theory from William D. Coplin, the authors found three factors behind the refusal of Indonesia in signing the ATT. The first reason is the ATT provisions contrary to the Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 16 Tahun 2012 on the Defence Industry. The second reason is the Indonesian Government belief tha ATT is a one-sided agreement. ATT gives bigger authority to exporters state rather than arms importers state such as Indonesia. This made the position of arms importers state become vulnerable and susceptible for politicization particularly human rights issues. A third reason is some of ATT provision still have ambiguous or multiple interpretations that could potentially interfere with the interests of Indonesia in the defense and security equipment, which can ultimately weaken the Indonesian military capabilities. Keywords : Arms Trade Treaty (ATT), Foreign Policy Decision Making, International Regime

Kata Kunci : Perjanjian Internasional