Aplikasi Teori New Social Movement pada Gerakan Lingkungan di D.I Yogyakarta dan Bandung

Heni Kusumaningrum, Bevaola Kusumasari

2016 | Tesis | Manajemen dan Kebijakan Publik

ABSTRACT New social movement around the world, including Indonesia, is currently increasing significantly. Environmental movement as a manifestation of New Social Movement appears as a solution for environmental problem in Indonesia. Environmental movement is social collective action to solve environment degradation problem, especially in Indonesia. Environmental movement tries to collect the society to participate in solving environmental problems. This research elaborates the process of forming environmental movements and also its implication toward environment policy in Indonesia. The aim of this research is to understand the forming process of environmental movement and the application of environmental movement in this case is environmental community. This is a descriptive qualitative research. Unit of analyses in this research are several environmental movements in Yogyakarta, such as KOPHI Yogyakarta, Greeneration Indonesia Association; Bank Liran, Bank Sampah Griya Sapu Lidi; Bank Sampah Lintas Winongo; Paguyuban Sampah Sukunan Bersemi. The data collection is conducted by observing, interviewing, and doing literature review. The result of this research shows that six environmental movements have passed four stages of environmental movements. Those stages are: 1) stage of appearing; 2) stage of coallition; 3) stage of formalization, and 4) stage of getting result. Two of the six environmental movements belong to public environmental movements; whether the other four belong to organized or voluntarily environmental movement. The six environmental movements can be endured because of several factors. The primary factors are internal resources found in the movements: 1) trust; 2) social network; 3) consistency; 4) proactive actions. The goal of the environmental movements is to build a societal characteristic which is pro-environment. Six-environmental movements applied the Theory of New Social Movement, although in some case of divergence between the New Social Movements in Europe with in the Special Region of Yogyakarta and Bandung. Fourth criteria such as, 1) Ideology and objectives; 2) Tactics and Organizing; 3) Participants and Actors; and 4) Terrain and AreaThe government may take environmental movement as an embrio to create society participation in implementing environmental policy. Keywords: Environmental movements, stages of environmental movements

Kata Kunci : Gerakan Lingkungan - Yogyakarta