The United States Agency for International Developments(USAIDs) Political Transformation in Afganistan 2001 - 2009

Elyzabeth B. Nasution, Poppy S. Winanti

2016 | Tesis | Ilmu Hubungan Internasional

Abstract The purpose of this research is to characterize political transformation of the operational of foreign aid giving from the United States, conducted by United State Agency of International Development (USAID) in Afghanistan during the administration of President George W. Bush (2001-2009) and explain why such political transformation could occur. As one of the most effective foreign policy instruments, foreign aid giving activity from donor countries to recipient countries has been trusted to fruitfully work in achieving national interests of donor countries. USAID as the first and foremost agency managing development assistance, has, however suffered with severe changes that transform USAID’s political characterize. From rapid increase of aid volume, deflection of aid’s purposes and policies – from developmental to diplomatic – to organizational change that reduce USAID’s authority and resources, USAID under the administration of President George W. Bush arrived at its very politically radical character. Domestic political constellation inside the U.S. government, in both legislative and executive branches along with the influence of actors outside the government lead by interest groups that entail Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and ethnic and religious group explain the core reason why certain changes in USAID operational in Afghanistan – as recent strategic area of U.S. foreign policy due to its prominent position after 9/11 attacks – occurred. Keywords: USAID, foreign aid, Afghanistan, political transformation.

Kata Kunci : Afganistan - Kebijakan Luar Negeri