Mural sebagai Medium Kritik Sosial Seniman:(Studi kasus Jogja Asat

Meila Riskia Fitri , Heru Nugroho

2015 | Tesis | Sosiologi

ABSTRACT Mural is a painting on the wall and generally can be found on outside wall, especially the wall that face the streets or can be seen from the streets. Mural is one of medium to deliver aspiratios, specially that contain of social ciriticism. Restlessness, disappoinment, and angry are shown by artists through that works of street art. It is in line with marxist aesthethics which is say that work of art can be highly dependent on the environment, both in content and form. Yogyakarta as a “space” have different characteristics from other city because cultural practices of local communities close to the artistic expression too. The case of drought that occured in the city become momentum for artists to make mural, like mural titled “Jogja Asat”. This research is intended to explain the expansion of mural as medium of social ciriticism and connectedness murals with social movements through case study of “Jogja Asat”. It also shows how mural can be represented as a tool of resistance. Using visual etnography method, the research use visual record as data and information. Data collection techniques done with documentations, interviews, observations, and literature review. Data types can be divided into primary and secondary. Primary data are documentations of mural that found in the field research, also interviews and observations. And secondary data were obtained from literature review and articel from social media that can support the research. The result showed that mural is used as medium of social criticism linked to gerakan seni rupa baru (GSRB) that start from 70’s when young artists are against domination and hegemony of old artists in the New Order. Because of its proximity to public, mural is used as medium of ciritcism with hope that the issue that was raised can be up to the public who see that mural. Mural that develop into social movements as seen in “Jogja Asat” mural also rooted in the tradition of the artists resistance against the social, politic, and economic order that ignoring public participation. This movement is done by a group of citizen that named them self as Warga Berdaya. Artists also taking part of the movement with making mural as their work of art as located at Jembatan Kewek Yogyakarta. That shown mural loads of social criticism because it is used as tool of resistance to against domination and hegemony of the massive construction of hotels but less control from community so that drought could happen. It is like experienced by Miliran community. Beside that, practices of inhabit space that done by artists can be seen as effort of symbolic power struggle of space caused by narrowing the space of expression for public. Keywords: Mural, Social Criticism, Resistance

Kata Kunci : Biografi Seniman - Yogyakarta