Analisis Kebijakan Pemerintah Cina dalam Penetapan Kashgar di Xinjiang sebagai Special Econpmic Zone(SEZ) pada Tahun 2010

Norman Fajar Adiguna, Nur Rachmat Yuliantoro

2016 | Tesis | Ilmu Hubungan Internasional

ABSTRACT Open door policy at the end of 1978 was beginning of China’s openness to market and liberal regulations. Special economic zone became one of the first applicable policy. Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Shantou and Xiamen are four SEZ established in 1980s. The four SEZ was located on the coast with easy access to absorb capital from Hong Kong and Macao. In the development of SEZ plays an important role for China to achieving significant economic growth in recent decades. Since the successful of first four SEZ, government start to develop other SEZ which are mostly in the eastern region. That policy give rise to a new problem especially imbalance of development between eastern and western region. In 2010, Chinese government set a Kashgar as fifth SEZ. This policy is quite interesting because Kashgar is most frontier western city which located in Xinjiang, neighbor with 4 central and south Asia countries such as Kyrgyzstan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and Pakistan. Its territory is landlocked by desert and far away from the sea access. Conflict and violences againts Uyghur still a major issues for Kashgar. Evidently, the policy is not only as a regional development and treatment for ethnic conflict but government have another economic and politics intention were related for attract some capital from Central Asia. Establishment of SEZ in Kashgar also have challenges and obstacles such as security instability, lack of infrastructure and human resources. Keywords : Kashgar, Special economic zone, Central Asia

Kata Kunci : Kebijakan Pemerintah - Cina