Melawan Opresif:(Studi Anak Jalanan Makasar)

Abu Bakar, Hasrul Hanif

2015 | Tesis | Politik dan Pemerintahan

Abstract This thesis discusses the problems of life of street children in the city of Makassar, with a focus on resistance in facing oppressive practices around them. Makassar as other cities in Indonesia also has an experience of social problems associated with the presence of street children. However, the wonder is that why street children in Makassar always tend to grow despite almost daily raids conducted in Makassar city. And why they prefer to fight for against rather than succumb. Therefore, this thesis attempts to give answer by offering a general question; How does strategy / tactics of street children fight against oppressive practices? To answer that question the author uses the theory of James C. Scott of everyday forms of resistance. Then author uses ethnographic study approach in conducting research. This thesis divides oppressive practices into two parts that each sourced from the state and the kings of street. State in this thesis is understood as apparatus that runs the power by using violence both physical and symbolic character towards the street children. While the kings of street understood as those who also live on the street as street children, it is just that they are adults who impose their will on street children in Makassar. To fight for against the oppressive practices, street children do with the tactical resistance. Therefore, strategies that street children apply are symbolic or frontal ways based on the existing conditions in choosing action. Tactics of street children are not only effective to retain the economic field, but it can minimize the risks that threatening them. As an evasion, it makes sense if it is associated to their limited resources to fight for. A radical fight just brings severe worse consequences and threats, not only physically, but state will be more intense to oppress street children of “production” economy processes on the streets. For the struggle, wherever and whenever, rational calculation is the key to make resistance running well. And Makassar street children have proved it. From the panorama of street children resistance, the real motivation is regarding the sustainability of their economic activity (subsistence rescuing) and x safety factors. Principally, street children resistance target is not only to disrupt state’s planning, because that is the consequence of tactics, but rather than the economic factors. For the street children, live on the streets is more economically promising than following what is desired by the state. In general, this thesis concludes that the tactics of street children in the fight for against oppression are based on subsistence issues (economy). So the fundamental motivation of street children is how they come out of the subsistence crisis. It is quite founded, due to the economic conditions of street children are so fragile (poor). I therefore assume that the fragile economic condition has a strong correlation with their motivation to fight for. Keywords: Oppressive Practice, Resistance, Strategy/Tactics, Street Children, Resistance Motivation

Kata Kunci : Anak Jalanan - Makasar