Dominasi Pengusaha Besar dalam Pasar Tembakau Di Temanggung

MARLINA, Neny, Mashuri Moschab

2014 | Tesis | Politik dan Pemerintahan

ABSTRACT This research is entitled “Large Businessmen Domination in Tobacco Market in Temanggung”. The research took place in Temanggung residence Central Java. The study is intended to reveal the motives of the continuity of market domination practiced by large businessmen in Temanggung tobacco market and also to point out that the domination strengthening strategy owned by large businessmen has weaken the role of the state in assuring the welfare of the farmer. The method employed in the research was qualitative research with case study approaches and the informants collecting method was by laboring purposive sampling technique. The data used in the research are primary data and secondary data. Primary data were acquired from comprehensive and intensive interviewing result with the informants while secondary data were acquired from supporting related literatures. Temanggung as top quality tobacco producer region for the raw material of clove cigarette makes the region known well as “The Tobacco City”, thus brings the regional economy even the people into depend on the commodity. The influence of cigarette industry and the weakness of the effort of the state to stabilize the market is having impact on the strengthening of the dominating strategy from the large businessmen in Temanggung tobacco market. The genesis of Partnership Decree from the state precisely has becoming the momentum of the corroborating of large businessmen’s dominating strategy in tobacco market by continuously deploying the unnecessary complicated buying network system. Moreover, the fragility of farmer organization has also becoming the reasons of the dominating practice endurance. Base on the research result, it may be concluded that the imbalance of position in imperfect open competition market (tobacco market) among the large businessmen, local government and farmer has resulting empty space for the creation of power strategy toward the domination. The competition arena of healthy open market and the assurance of the equality of position among the actors in fact cannot be assured by the ambiguous posture of the state. The initial strategy of the power creation toward domination in fact is precisely generated from the farmer’s rational legitimation and the state legal legitimation. The large businessmen with sets of intra market network structural creation has generated certain kind of dependency for farmers and the state’s insubstantiality in facing the market. The effort of the large businessmen in committing consolidation with the non-state and state actors is the strategy for the success of the existence of large businessmen’s domination in Temanggung tobacco market. Keywords: Domination, Legitimation, Legal-Rational, Consolidation, Imperfect Competitive Market 1 BAB I DOMINASI PENGUSAHA DALAM PASAR TEMBAKAU DI TEMANGGUNG 1.1 Latar Belakang Studi ini bermaksud untuk mengungkap strategi dominasi pengusaha besar dalam pasar tembakau terhadap pemerintah daerah dan petani tembakau. Tujuannya ingin melihat bahwa pembangunan ekonomi di tingkat lokal yang menggunakan pasar sebagai aktor penting menjalankan roda perekonomian ternyata masih mengesampingkan nilai-nilai kesejahteraan masyarakat. Kondisi dominasi yang membuat kehadiran aktor dalam pasar menjadi tidak setara ini menjadikan intervensi pemerintah tidak mampu mengimbangi kekuatan dominasi yang dimiliki oleh pengusaha dalam pasar tembakau. Hal ini sekaligus menunjukkan bahwa pengusaha sebagai kepanjangan tangan dari pasar memiliki posisi lebih kuat dibandingkan pemerintah daerah (baca : negara). Terdapat beberapa tipe pembangunan ekonomi lokal yang memasukkan peran pasar sebagai aktornya. Pertama menyerahkan segala urusan ekonomi kepada pasar, dan kedua menyerahkan sebagian urusan ekonomi kepada pasar dengan tetap berada pada pantauan pemerintah sebagai pemegang regulasi. Globalisasi yang merupakan inti dari ajaran neoliberalisme telah melahirkan mekanisme yang kuat dalam hubungan antara negara dan pasar. Hal ini menimbulkan lahirnya berbagai fenomena seperti kehadiran pasar bebas yang meminimalkan peran negara dalam membuat regulasi. Sejalan dengan yang

Kata Kunci : Tembakau; Jawa Tengah(Temanggung)